Structural, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of Ba(1-x)PbxTi(1-x)ZrxO3 ceramics

Abstract

ABSTRACT Polycrystalline ceramic samples with compositional formula Ba(1-x)PbxTi(1-x) ZrxO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.075, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction route (SSR). All the samples were sintered at 1300°C for 4 h in closed high-density alumina crucibles with the lead-rich environment. Sintered samples were subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for structural analysis. XRD analysis confirmed tetragonal to orthorhombic phase transition for samples with x ≥ 0.10. The relative permittivity and loss were measured as a function of temperature at 1, 10, 100 and 1000 kHz frequencies. The value of relative permittivity at room temperature was found to be increased with an increase in x. PE hysteresis loops were recorded for all the samples (at 30°C and 50 Hz). It was found that the sample with x = 0.05 shows the maximum value of remanent polarization ‘Pr’ = 18.51 µC/cm2.