A literature review of gratitude, parent–child relationships, and well-being in children

IF 5.7 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Developmental Review Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.dr.2021.100948
Carli A. Obeldobel, Kathryn A. Kerns
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引用次数: 13

Abstract

Positive psychology has highlighted the importance of personal positive qualities such as gratitude for human thriving. Reviews of research on gratitude are predominantly based on work with adults. We address this gap by considering the familial roots and well-being implications of gratitude in children. We conducted two systematic reviews examining children’s gratitude as it relates to parent–child relationships (N = 10) and children’s gratitude and well-being (N = 38). Children’s gratitude was higher when parents modeled gratitude, there was a more secure parent–child attachment, and parents employed more supportive, autonomy granting, and warm parenting. These findings align with attachment theory, social learning and emotion socialization theories, and the find-remind-and-bind theory. Additionally, children’s gratitude was positively related to greater life satisfaction, positive affect, and mental well-being in cross-sectional and intervention studies. These findings provide some support for the broaden-and-build theory, the adaptive cycle model, and the schematic hypothesis. The reviewed theoretical frameworks and empirical findings formed the basis of our proposed model whereby children’s gratitude is posited to mediate the relation between parent–child relationship factors and children’s well-being. Further, we identified several testable mechanisms that might explain why gratitude is related to well-being. Our proposed model is an important contribution to the current literature because it provides a novel, overarching synthesis of existing work on children’s gratitude that is intended to be a framework for future research to test potential mechanisms relevant to children’s gratitude development and well-being outcomes.

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感恩、亲子关系和儿童幸福感的文献综述
积极心理学强调了个人积极品质的重要性,比如对人类繁荣的感激之情。关于感恩的研究综述主要是基于对成年人的研究。我们通过考虑孩子的家庭根源和感恩对幸福的影响来解决这一差距。我们对儿童感恩与亲子关系(N = 10)和儿童感恩与幸福(N = 38)的关系进行了两项系统综述。当父母以感恩为榜样,有更安全的亲子依恋,父母采用更多的支持,自主授予和温暖的养育方式时,孩子的感恩程度更高。这些发现与依恋理论、社会学习和情感社会化理论以及发现-提醒-约束理论相一致。此外,在横断面研究和干预研究中,儿童的感恩与更高的生活满意度、积极影响和心理健康呈正相关。这些发现为“扩大-构建”理论、适应周期模型和图式假说提供了一定的支持。本文的理论框架和实证研究结果构成了我们提出的亲子关系模型的基础,该模型假设儿童感恩在亲子关系因素和儿童幸福感之间起中介作用。此外,我们确定了几个可测试的机制,可以解释为什么感恩与幸福有关。我们提出的模型是对当前文献的重要贡献,因为它提供了一个新颖的,全面的综合现有的关于儿童感恩的工作,旨在成为未来研究的框架,以测试与儿童感恩发展和幸福结果相关的潜在机制。
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来源期刊
Developmental Review
Developmental Review PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
3.00%
发文量
27
审稿时长
51 days
期刊介绍: Presenting research that bears on important conceptual issues in developmental psychology, Developmental Review: Perspectives in Behavior and Cognition provides child and developmental, child clinical, and educational psychologists with authoritative articles that reflect current thinking and cover significant scientific developments. The journal emphasizes human developmental processes and gives particular attention to issues relevant to child developmental psychology. The research concerns issues with important implications for the fields of pediatrics, psychiatry, and education, and increases the understanding of socialization processes.
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