A narrative review on alexithymia in adolescents with previous adverse experiences placed for adoption, in foster care, or institutions. Prevalence, gender differences, and relations with internalizing and externalizing symptoms

IF 1.8 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology Pub Date : 2020-08-13 DOI:10.6092/2282-1619/MJCP-2449
S. Muzi
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Alexithymia is a recognized risk factor for psychopathology, showing relationships with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. The prevalence of alexithymia ranges from 7-21% in low-risk community adolescents, especially girls. Further, few retrospective studies suggest a higher incidence in individuals with past traumatic experiences, but they are mostly on clinical adults. Therefore, the current narrative review aimed to examine the state-of-art of literature on alexithymia (in terms of prevalence, gender differences, and relationships with internalizing-externalizing symptoms), in non-clinical adolescents potentially at “high-risk” for alexithymia because placed for adoption, in foster care or institutions due to adverse and potentially traumatic experiences (parental abandonment, neglect, abuse, etc). The review of the literature was computed on documents retrieved through electronic databases (ProQuest, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, PubMed, WOS, Scopus, Google Scholar), included according to their pertinence and type (empirical studies). Of 6379 documents, only 6 studies (0.2%) on institutionalized adolescents met the inclusion criteria, none in adopted and foster care groups.  Main results revealed: 1) higher prevalence of alexithymia in institutionalized adolescents (38-85%) compared to community peers; 2) institutionalized girls as more alexithymic, showing more difficulty in identifying and describing feelings than boys, like in community groups; 3) Higher alexithymia was related to more total, internalizing and externalizing problems through similar mechanisms of risk than in community groups. Methodological limits and future directions of research are discussed for each topic, highlighting the need to bridge the research gap on adolescents with adverse backgrounds, potentially at “high-risk” for alexithymia and its negative consequences.
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对有不良经历的青少年述情障碍的叙述性回顾,这些青少年被安置在收养、寄养或机构中。患病率、性别差异及其与内化和外化症状的关系
述情障碍是精神病理学公认的危险因素,表现出与内化和外化症状的关系。述情障碍在低风险社区青少年中的患病率为7-21%,尤其是女孩。此外,很少有回顾性研究表明,过去有创伤经历的人的发病率更高,但大多发生在临床成年人身上。因此,目前的叙述性综述旨在检查述情障碍的文献现状(在患病率、性别差异以及与内化-外化症状的关系方面),在非临床青少年中,由于被收养而可能有述情障碍“高风险”,由于不良和潜在的创伤经历(父母遗弃、忽视、虐待等)而在寄养或机构中。文献综述是根据通过电子数据库(ProQuest、PsycInfo、PsycArticles、PubMed、WOS、Scopus、Google Scholar)检索的文件进行计算的,并根据其相关性和类型(实证研究)进行收录。在6379份文件中,只有6项关于收容青少年的研究(0.2%)符合纳入标准,在收养和寄养群体中没有一项符合纳入标准。主要结果显示:1)与社区同龄人相比,收容青少年述情障碍的发生率较高(38-85%);2) 被收容的女孩更容易述情障碍,在识别和描述情感方面比男孩更困难,比如在社区团体中;3) 与社区群体相比,更高的述情障碍通过类似的风险机制与更全面、内化和外化的问题有关。讨论了每个主题的方法限制和未来的研究方向,强调有必要弥合对有不良背景的青少年的研究差距,这些青少年可能是述情障碍及其负面后果的“高危人群”。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
53.80%
发文量
0
审稿时长
4 weeks
期刊介绍: The MJCP is an Open Access Peer-Reviewed International Journal in Clinical Psychology. MJCP accepts research related to innovative and important areas of clinical research: 1. Clinical studies related to Clinical Psychology, 2. Psychopathology and Psychotherapy; 3. Basic studies pertaining to clinical psychology field as experimental psychology, psychoneuroendocrinology and psychoanalysis; 4. Growing application of clinical techniques in clinical psychology, psychology of health, clinical approaches in projective methods; 5. Forensic psychology in clinical research; 6. Psychology of art and religion; 7. Advanced in basic and clinical research methodology including qualitative and quantitative research and new research findings.
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