MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SPECIES TRIFOLIUM INCARNATUM L. CULTIVATED IN IRAQ

IF 1.6 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Sabrao Journal of Breeding and Genetics Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI:10.54910/sabrao2023.55.4.21
R. H. Aloush, Prof. Zahoor Ahmed, Soomro
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Abstract

Trifolium incarnatum L. is a new species grown in America, Europe, and Iraq. The novel study described the plant parts based on morphological characteristics like root, stem, leaflet, and flower. The annual plant is erect, 20–70 cm tall, unbranched from the base, with stipules membranous oblong-lanceolate, leaflet cuneate, obovate, and broadly retuse, otherwise rounded or truncate, and the leaflet-shaped ovate-cordate, with hairy margins, leaflet petiolate, and pedunculate (5 cm). Its inflorescences are mostly terminal oblong, 1.8 cm in diameter and 4 to 7.5 cm in length, and flower peduncles. The pollen grain’s analysis through the scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed monad, symmetrical, isopolar, zono-colporate, and tri-porate. The leaflet anatomy displayed many features and recorded differences between upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) epidermis in shape, size, and stomatal complex. The species was amphistomatic and had many types of stomatal complex, i.e., Anomocytic, Anisocytic, Paracytic, and Actinocytic. The number of stomata within the microscopic field was 56–65 and 32–38 on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively, with occurring crosssections in the leaflet and stem. The results showed the frond in a cross-section unifacial, the palisade tissue at two-three layers with a thickness of 82–100 µm, spongy tissue (62–70 µm), and the vascular bundle almost present in the central vein. The calcium oxalate crystals, especially prismatic crystals, lined along the veins, and the stem cross-section was a sub-triangle-circle–ovate, with three ovate closed vascular bundle sheaths distributed into three directions, with two facing each other.
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在伊拉克栽培的三叶草的形态和解剖特征
Trifolium incarnatum L.是一种生长在美洲、欧洲和伊拉克的新种。这项新研究基于根、茎、小叶和花等形态特征来描述植物的各个部分。一年生植物直立,20-70厘米高,从基部不分枝,具托叶膜质长圆状披针形,小叶楔形,倒卵形,宽,或圆形或截形,和小叶形卵形心形,具毛的边缘,小叶叶柄,和有花序梗(5厘米)。花序多为顶生长圆形,直径1.8 cm,长4 ~ 7.5 cm,花序梗。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对花粉粒进行分析,发现花粉粒具有单孔型、对称型、等极性、三孔型和三孔型。小叶解剖显示出许多特征,并记录了上(正面)和下(背面)表皮在形状、大小和气孔复合体上的差异。该物种为两形气孔,气孔复合体有多种类型,即无形细胞型、各形细胞型、副胞型和放线细胞型。显微场内气孔数上、下表面分别为56 ~ 65个和32 ~ 38个,在小叶和茎上均有气孔横切面。结果表明:叶面呈横切面,栅栏组织为2 ~ 3层,厚度为82 ~ 100µm,海绵组织(62 ~ 70µm),维管束基本存在于中央静脉。草酸钙晶体,尤其是棱柱状晶体沿脉排列,茎横截面呈亚三角形-圆形-卵形,三个卵形的闭维管束鞘向三个方向分布,两个相对。
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来源期刊
Sabrao Journal of Breeding and Genetics
Sabrao Journal of Breeding and Genetics 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
50.00%
发文量
63
期刊介绍: The SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics is an international journal of plant breeding and genetics research and was first published in 1969. It is the official publication of the Society for the Advancement of Breeding Research in Asia and Oceania (SABRAO). Its objectives are to: promote the international exchange of research information on plant breeding and genetics, by describing new research findings, or ideas of a basic or practical nature; and be a medium for the exchange of ideas and news regarding members of the Society. The Journal gives priority to articles that are of direct relevance to plant breeders and with emphasis on the Asian region. Invited for publication are research articles, short communications, methods, reviews, commentaries, and opinion articles. Scientific contributions are refereed and edited to international standards. The journal publishes articles for SABRAO members mainly. The Journal preferred strongly that at least one author should be a current member of the Society. Non-members may also publish in the journal.
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