Investigation of PDC Cutter Structural Integrity in Hard Rocks

IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, PETROLEUM SPE Drilling & Completion Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI:10.2118/199598-PA
R. Rahmani, P. Pastusek, Geng Yun, T. Roberts
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引用次数: 10

Abstract

Robustness of round and V-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters against mechanical and thermal load was evaluated. Forensic analysis was used to estimate the range of loads and depths of cut (DOC) that cause structural overload of PDC cutters. Finite-element analyses (FEAs) were calibrated against these data and used to estimate the integrity of cutters. Thermal-abrasive wear was tested with single cutter tests on Sierra White granite with and without cooling for multiple material grades. The axial and tangential impact resistances were evaluated with drop and front face impact tests. In addition, full-scale laboratory drilling tests were conducted in granite [unconfined compressive strength (UCS) = 28,000 psi] and quartzite (UCS = 56,000 psi). Finally, failures for round and V-shaped cutters were evaluated in field trials. The V-shaped cutters scored similar to baseline cutters in thermal-abrasive tests but lower in axial impact tests. They also failed at 13 to 18% lesser tangential load. By accounting for 16% reduction in contact area between the shaped cutter and load anvil, it was concluded that both cutter geometries fail essentially at the same stress. In all full-scale tests, round cutters failed before the shaped cutters. This was in contrast with drop tests and is attributed to the shaped cutter's cutting efficiency, resulting in lesser load on the cutters for the same rate of penetration (ROP). The results were compared with field runs in hard and interbedded application in Oklahoma and west Texas. The conclusion based on FEA, laboratory, and field data was that in most cases, this shaped cutter shows the same or better dull as its base grade.
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硬质岩石中PDC切削齿结构完整性研究
评估了圆形和v形聚晶金刚石紧凑型(PDC)刀具在机械和热负荷下的稳健性。采用法证分析方法估计了PDC切削齿结构过载的载荷范围和切削深度(DOC)。根据这些数据校准了有限元分析(FEAs),并用于估计刀具的完整性。对Sierra White花岗岩进行了单刀热磨料磨损测试,并对多个材料等级进行了冷却和不冷却。通过跌落和正面冲击试验评估了轴向和切向的抗冲击性。此外,在花岗岩[无侧限抗压强度(UCS) = 28,000 psi]和石英岩(UCS = 56,000 psi)中进行了全尺寸的实验室钻井测试。最后,在现场试验中评估了圆形和v形切削齿的失效情况。v形切削齿在热磨试验中的得分与基准切削齿相似,但在轴向冲击试验中得分较低。它们在切向负荷降低13%至18%时也会失效。通过计算成形刀具与加载砧之间的接触面积减少16%,可以得出结论,两种刀具几何形状在相同应力下基本上失效。在所有全尺寸测试中,圆形切削齿在形状切削齿之前失效。这与跌落测试结果形成了对比,并归因于形状切削齿的切削效率,在相同的钻速(ROP)下,切削齿的负载更小。结果与俄克拉何马州和西德克萨斯州的硬层和互层应用进行了比较。基于有限元分析、实验室和现场数据得出的结论是,在大多数情况下,这种形状的刀具表现出与基本等级相同或更好的钝性。
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来源期刊
SPE Drilling & Completion
SPE Drilling & Completion 工程技术-工程:石油
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
7.10%
发文量
29
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Covers horizontal and directional drilling, drilling fluids, bit technology, sand control, perforating, cementing, well control, completions and drilling operations.
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