The shaky foundations of the 1926 annexation of Southern Kurdistan to Iraq

IF 0.6 Q1 Arts and Humanities Kurdish Studies Pub Date : 2018-10-29 DOI:10.33182/KS.V6I2.457
A. Rafaat
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Abstract

Between 1921 and 1925, the Kurds of Southern Kurdistan participated in three main political ‎processes in Iraq. These processes were the election of Faisal Ibn Hussein as the King of Iraq ‎in 1921, the election of the Iraqi Constituent Assembly in 1924, and the Mosul Province ‎referendum organised by the League of Nations in 1925. The British used the Kurds’ ‎participation as a foundation for the annexation of Southern Kurdistan to Iraq. However, this ‎article argues that these three processes cannot be considered as legitimate foundations as the ‎majority of Kurds voted against these processes or were excluded from participation. ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIBingehên lawaz ên îlhaqa Kurdistana başûr bi ser Iraqê ve li sala 1926anDi navbera salên 1921 û 1925an de li Iraqê, kurdên başûrê Kurdistanê tevlî sê prosesên siyasî yên sereke bûn. Yek ji van prosesan hilbijartina Faysal ibn Huseyin wek qralê Iraqê bû li sala 1921an, yek hilbijartina Meclisa Avakar a Iraqê bû li sala 1924an, û referandûma wilayeta Mûsilê bû ku sala 1925an ji hêla Cemiyeta Neteweyan ve hatibû encamdan. Brîtanyayê tevlîbûna kurdan wek bingehek bi kar anî ji bo îlhaqa başûrê Kurdistanê bi ser Iraqê ve. Lê belê, îddiaya vê gotarê ew e ku ev her sê proses nabin wek bingehên rewa bêne qebûlkirin ji ber ku piraniya kurdan reya xwe li dijî van prosesan dan an jî rê li ber beşdariya wan hate girtin. ABSTRACT IN SORANIBinema lerzokekanî likandinî başûrî Kurdistan be 'Êraqewe le 1926 daLe nêwan 1921 ta 1925 da, kurdekanî başûrî Kurdistan le sê proseyî siyasîy serekî le 'Êraq da beşdarîyan kird. Ew sê proseyeş brîtîbûn le hellbijardinî Feyselî kurî Husên wek padşayî 'Êraq le 1921, hellbijardin bo Encumenî Damezrênerî 'Êraqî le 1925, we rîfrandomî wîlayetî Mûsill ke le layen Komelleyî Gelan le 1925 da rêk xira. Berîtanya em beşdarîkirdiney kurdî wek binema bo likandinî başurî Kurdistan be 'Êraqewe be kar hêna. Bellam, em babete argumêntî ewe dekat ke em sê proseye nakrêt wek binemay şer'î bo likandinî başurî Kurdistan be 'Êraqewe hejmar bikrên çunke zorîney kurd dengiyan le dijî ew sê proseye da yan bêbeş kiran le beşdarîkirdin.
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1926年南库尔德斯坦被伊拉克吞并的摇摇欲坠的基础
1921年至1925年间,南库尔德斯坦的库尔德人参与了伊拉克的三个主要政治进程。这些过程包括1921年费萨尔·伊本·侯赛因当选伊拉克国王、1924年伊拉克制宪会议选举和1925年国际联盟组织的摩苏尔省公民投票。英国利用库尔德人的参与作为将南库尔德斯坦并入伊拉克的基础。然而,这篇文章认为,这三个进程不能被视为合法的基础,因为“大多数库尔德人投票反对这些进程或被排除在参与之外。根据1921年至1925年南库尔德斯坦于1926年对伊拉克实施的立法《库尔德斯坦摘要》,伊拉克将南库尔德斯斯坦的三起政治诉讼分为三起案件。1921年,伊本·胡塞因家族在伊拉克当选为伊拉克裔伊拉克人,1924年,伊本·胡塞因家族成为伊拉克阿瓦卡尔的伊拉克民政当局之一,1925年,内特韦佩公墓完成了对音乐家区的公民投票。英国一直将库尔德的比较作为伊拉克库尔德斯坦冲突的基本依据。然而,这份声明称,这三个过程不能被接受,因为他们缺乏资金。库尔德的要求已经在他们参与的基础上关闭。根据库尔德斯坦对南库尔德斯坦的袭击,SORANIBinema的摘要是“1926年1921年、1925年的战斗,库尔德斯坦库尔德库尔德库尔德是伊拉克最早的三个亲政党。这个成立三年的营是由音乐节创建的,名为“1921年的战斗,1925年在大马士革的帮助下,你是1925年社区层的法国音乐形象。我们参与库尔德是因为南库尔德斯坦身份的主要因素是“进攻是有用的”。贝拉姆,我们没有理由认为,如果我们有三起起诉不是主要被视为二元起诉,我们就不应该是库尔德斯坦地区的库尔德斯坦南部公民,在没有参与的情况下参与三起起诉。
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来源期刊
Kurdish Studies
Kurdish Studies ETHNIC STUDIES-
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期刊介绍: Kurdish Studies journal is an interdisciplinary and peer-reviewed journal dedicated to publishing high quality research and scholarship. Kurdish Studies journal is initiated by the members of the Kurdish Studies Network (KSN) and supported by a large group of academics from different disciplines. The journal aligns itself with KSN‘s mission to revitalize and reorient research, scholarship and debates in the field of Kurdish studies in a multidisciplinary fashion covering a wide range of topics including, but not limited to, economics, history, society, gender, minorities, politics, health, law, environment, language, media, culture, arts, and education.
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