Caste, then Class: Redistribution and Representation in the Dravidian Model

V. Kr, Vishal Vasanthakumar
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Abstract

Dravidian parties believe that changes to the economic structure will not lead to social justice if the upper/dominant castes continue to exclusively possess social capital. To them, and later, to the successive Dravidian party governments, economic justice was not possible without first ensuring social justice. This view was held by the stalwarts of the Dravidian movement such as Periyar E.V. Ramasamy (Periyar henceforth), the subject of this engagement, and actualised by leaders such as C.N. Annadurai and M. Karunanidhi, whose electoral politics was a means to empower subaltern groups in Tamil society. We contend that Periyar was the chief aggregator of the ideas put forth by earlier social justice ideologues, and an effective disseminator of the Dravidian political ethos among the masses, making his contribution comprehensive and unique. Through an analysis of the approach of Dravidian party governments towards affirmative action, administrative reform and legislation, and through comparisons of the performance of Tamil Nadu in terms of development indicators with other states, we reveal the profound influence of Periyarist thinking on the Dravidian movement and State praxis. The quest of the Dravidian movement for social justice did not just focus on class inequalities but on caste inequalities, which it saw as a propagator of class inequalities.
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种姓,然后是阶级:德拉威模式中的再分配和代表
Dravidian政党认为,如果上层/占主导地位的种姓继续完全拥有社会资本,经济结构的变化将不会带来社会正义。对他们,以及后来的历届德拉威党政府来说,如果不首先确保社会正义,经济正义是不可能的。这一观点由德拉威运动的坚定分子持有,如此次参与的主题Periyar E.V.Ramasamy(此后为Periyar),并由C.N.Annadurai和M.Karunanidhi等领导人实现,他们的选举政治是赋予泰米尔社会下层群体权力的一种手段。我们认为,佩里亚尔是早期社会正义理论家提出的思想的主要聚集者,也是德拉威政治精神在大众中的有效传播者,他的贡献是全面而独特的。通过分析德拉威党政府对平权行动、行政改革和立法的态度,并通过将泰米尔纳德邦在发展指标方面的表现与其他邦进行比较,我们揭示了Periyarist思想对德拉威运动和国家实践的深刻影响。德拉威运动对社会正义的追求不仅关注阶级不平等,还关注种姓不平等,它认为种姓不平等是阶级不平等的传播者。
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