Bidirectional fabric evolution in Hamelin Pool microbialites, Shark Bay, Western Australia

IF 1.9 3区 地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY Depositional Record Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI:10.1002/dep2.244
Brooke E. Vitek, Erica P. Suosaari, Amanda M. Oehlert, Christophe Dupraz, Clément G. L. Pollier, R. Pamela Reid
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Abstract

Hamelin Pool, Shark Bay, Western Australia hosts the world's largest and most extensive assemblages of living marine microbialites, comparable in size and shape to ancient structures found throughout the fossil record. Documented here are the internal fabrics of modern microbialites collected throughout Hamelin Pool. Mesoscale and microscale observations of microbialite polished slabs and thin section scans, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy formed the basis for a fabric classification system that combines accretionary mat type with microfabric. Accretionary mat types included pustular, smooth, colloform, as well as ‘transitional’ mats that are a cross between pustular and smooth mats. Mapping of fabrics in 45 microbialite heads indicated bidirectional evolution. An upward progression of fabrics corresponded to changes in mat type as the head grew upward into shallower water. A downward evolution of microfabrics occurred as surface mats transitioned into the subsurface of the microbialite structure. Downward microfabric evolution occurred as a result of early taphonomic processes, and involved a progression from the original depositional architecture to subsequent stages of “Micritic Thickening”, and finally, “Cement Infilling”. The observed bidirectional evolution of microbialite microfabrics within Hamelin Pool offers a conceptual framework for the study of modern microbialites, not simply as the sole product of accretionary mat types but rather as the combined result of the activity of surface mats and their taphonomic evolution. Early taphonomic processes induce further lithification of the microbialites which may enhance preservation potential in the geological record.

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西澳大利亚鲨鱼湾Hamelin池微生物群落的双向结构演化
西澳大利亚鲨鱼湾的哈梅林池拥有世界上最大和最广泛的活海洋微生物群落,其大小和形状与化石记录中发现的古代结构相当。这里记录的是在哈梅林池收集的现代微生物的内部结构。微生物岩抛光板的中尺度和微尺度观测、薄片扫描、光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜结合能量色散x射线能谱,形成了将吸积垫型与微织物相结合的织物分类系统的基础。吸积垫类型包括脓疱、光滑、胶状以及介于脓疱和光滑垫之间的“过渡性”垫。45个微生物石头部的结构图谱显示出双向演化。当头部向上生长到较浅的水域时,织物的向上发展与垫型的变化相对应。微织物的向下演化发生在表层垫过渡到微生物岩结构的亚表层。向下的微织体演化是早期埋藏过程的结果,涉及从原始沉积结构到随后的“泥晶增厚”阶段,最后是“胶结充填”阶段的进展。观察到的Hamelin池内微生物岩微组构的双向演化为现代微生物岩的研究提供了一个概念框架,它不仅仅是增生垫类的唯一产物,而是表面垫类活动及其分形演化的综合结果。早期的埋藏过程诱发了微生物岩的进一步岩化作用,这可能增加了在地质记录中的保存潜力。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
16.70%
发文量
42
审稿时长
16 weeks
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