A Comparative Study of Weight Loss and Reduction in BMI after Gastric Imbrication, Sleeve Gastrectomy, and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and exercise supplemented with pharmacotherapy has poor long-term results; thus, bariatric surgery is the mainstay therapy for morbid obesity. But reduction in weight and BMI after bariatric surgery is not the same and mainly depends on the type of surgery performed. Aim and objective: To study the comparative efficacy among three bariatric surgeries viz. Laparoscopic gastric imbrication (LGI), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) in morbid obese patients in relation to weight loss and reduction in BMI. Study design: Prospective study. Materials and methods: Total of 40 morbid obese patients underwent different types of laparoscopic bariatric surgery and were followed for 1 year. Reduction in weight and BMI after 1 year was correlated with the type of bariatric surgery performed. Statistical analysis: Paired t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Bonferroni. Results: Patients undergone LGI, LSG, and LRYGB had a preoperative mean weight/BMI of 105.33 kg/41.07 kg m −2 , 104.07 kg/42.76 kg m −2 , and 105.8 kg/43.27 kg m −2 , respectively; and postoperative mean weight/BMI after 1 year was 87.4 kg/34.08 kg m −2 , 81.07 kg/33.32 kg m −2 , and 81.2 kg/33.18 kg m −2 , respectively. On applying ANOVA and Bonferroni, LSG and LRYGB group had greater weight loss and reduction in BMI as compared to LGI group. Conclusion: LSG and LRYGB are statistically better in weight and BMI reduction in obese as compared to LGI. Although weight and BMI reduction was more in LRYGB as compared to LSG, it was not statistically significant.