Understanding pandemic entrepreneurship as a unique form of crisis entrepreneurship

R. Behr, V. Storr
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

PurposeThere is a large literature about crisis entrepreneurship, spanning from necessity, natural disaster and long-term conflict entrepreneurship. This paper situates pandemic entrepreneurship as a unique form of crisis entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachThe authors utilize the Kirznerian and Schumpeterian theories of entrepreneurship to understand pandemic entrepreneurship. Using evidence from the US COVID-19 pandemic, the authors argue that pandemics impact both the “identification” and “action” moments of entrepreneurship.FindingsThe Kirznerian identification moment becomes much more uncertain for entrepreneurs because of fluctuating conditions, such as public health conditions, new potential variants of the virus causing the pandemic, shifting government mandates and rules and so forth. The Schumpeterian action moment becomes more challenging because of the necessity of physical distancing and because, generally, all crises raise the cost of entrepreneurial action. That said, the authors still document considerable entrepreneurship during pandemics as entrepreneurs adapt to the increased uncertainty and costs by rely upon local and customary knowledge.Research limitations/implicationsThis research finds that entrepreneurs, depending upon the crisis, face differing constraints. Specifically in times of pandemic, entrepreneurs face difficulty recognizing opportunities because of shifting conditions and acting upon opportunities because of financial and political constraints. This research thus implies that there are large opportunities for alleviation of such constraints if there were to be future variants or pandemics.Practical implicationsPractically speaking, this research affects how people study entrepreneurship. By recognizing the differing constraints that pandemic entrepreneurs face, the authors can better understand the last several years, and can also prepare better policy wise for future pandemics or further variants of COVID-19.Social implicationsSocially, entrepreneurship can be a large factor in recovery from disasters and crises. By recognizing and perhaps alleviating constraints that pandemic entrepreneurs face, future crises could have better responses and recoveries.Originality/valueAlthough several studies have examined entrepreneurship during the COVID-19 pandemic, the extant literature on pandemic entrepreneurship remains relatively underdeveloped and has not yet focused on what distinguishes pandemic entrepreneurship from other forms of crisis entrepreneurship. The authors highlight what pandemic entrepreneurship has in common with other forms of crisis entrepreneurship and pinpoint the various ways that is distinct.
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将疫情创业理解为危机创业的一种独特形式
目的有大量关于危机创业的文献,涵盖了必要性、自然灾害和长期冲突创业。本文将疫情创业定位为危机创业的一种独特形式。设计/方法论/方法作者利用柯兹涅利和熊彼特的创业理论来理解疫情创业。作者利用美国新冠肺炎大流行的证据认为,大流行影响创业的“识别”和“行动”时刻。发现由于公共卫生条件、导致疫情的新的潜在病毒变种、政府授权和规则的变化等条件的波动,Kirznerian身份识别时刻对企业家来说变得更加不确定。熊行动时刻变得更具挑战性,因为保持身体距离的必要性,而且一般来说,所有危机都会增加创业行动的成本。也就是说,作者仍然记录了疫情期间相当大的创业精神,因为企业家通过依赖当地和习惯知识来适应日益增加的不确定性和成本。研究局限性/含义这项研究发现,根据危机的不同,企业家面临着不同的限制。特别是在疫情期间,由于条件的变化,企业家很难识别机会,也因为财政和政治限制,他们很难抓住机会。因此,这项研究表明,如果未来出现变异或流行病,就有很大的机会缓解这种限制。实践意义实际上,这项研究影响了人们对创业的研究。通过认识到大流行企业家面临的不同限制,作者可以更好地了解过去几年,也可以为未来的大流行或新冠肺炎的进一步变种做好更好的政策准备。社会影响从社会角度来看,创业可能是从灾难和危机中恢复的一个重要因素。通过认识到并缓解疫情企业家面临的限制,未来的危机可以有更好的应对和复苏。原创/价值尽管有几项研究考察了新冠肺炎大流行期间的创业精神,但关于大流行创业精神的现有文献仍然相对不发达,尚未关注大流行创业精神与其他形式的危机创业精神的区别。作者强调了疫情创业与其他形式的危机创业的共同点,并指出了不同的方式。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
15.80%
发文量
22
期刊介绍: Institutions – especially public policies – are a significant determinant of economic outcomes; entrepreneurship and enterprise development are often the channel by which public policies affect economic outcomes, and by which outcomes feed back to the policy process. The Journal of Entrepreneurship & Public Policy (JEPP) was created to encourage and disseminate quality research about these vital relationships. The ultimate aim is to improve the quality of the political discourse about entrepreneurship and development policies. JEPP publishes two issues per year and welcomes: Empirically oriented academic papers and accepts a wide variety of empirical evidence. Generally, the journal considers any analysis based on real-world circumstances and conditions that can change behaviour, legislation, or outcomes, Conceptual or theoretical papers that indicate a direction for future research, or otherwise advance the field of study, A limited number of carefully and accurately executed replication studies, Book reviews. In general, JEPP seeks high-quality articles that say something interesting about the relationships among public policy and entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship and economic development, or all three areas. Scope/Coverage: Entrepreneurship, Public policy, Public policies and behaviour of economic agents, Interjurisdictional differentials and their effects, Law and entrepreneurship, New firms; startups, Microeconomic analyses of economic development, Development planning and policy, Innovation and invention: processes and incentives, Regional economic activity: growth, development, and changes, Regional development policy.
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