{"title":"Tipificación: Experiencia de masificación e innovación del diseño escolar en Chile","authors":"C. Gilles, Pablo Rojas Böttner","doi":"10.22320/07196466.2017.35.052.03","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"espanolLas edificaciones escolares disenadas desde los anos 40 en Chile, dan cuenta de las innovaciones formales, espaciales y tecnologicas desarrolladas por la Sociedad Constructora de Establecimientos Educacionales. A partir de los anos 60, estas innovaciones en los modelos arquitectonicos fueron propiciadas por organismos internacionales que gestaron politicas de masificacion de la educacion como respuesta a una sociedad altamente demandante, influyendo en toda Latinoamerica, en los modelos arquitectonicos, los fundamentos pedagogicos y los procesos de ejecucion de las escuelas. En este contexto, las obras chilenas, transitan desde los disenos “tipologicos” inspirados en el racionalismo de la arquitectura moderna, a la racionalizacion constructiva de proyectos “tipificados” disenados con sistemas modulares, permitiendo lograr la cobertura nacional del sistema escolar. Analizando estas obras como experiencia arquitectonica, vemos que, la implementacion de modelos educativos innovadores en el sistema publico, se aplican incipientemente, prevaleciendo aspectos tecnologicos de economia de costos para un diseno masivo y eficiente. EnglishThe school buildings designed since the 1960 in Chile give an account of the formal, spatial and technological innovations developed by the Construction Society of School Establishments. Since those years, these innovations in architectural models have been fostered by international organizations that have developed education policies in response to a highly demanding society, influencing all of Latin America, architectural models, pedagogical foundations and the execution processes of the schools. In this context, Chilean works move from “typological” designs inspired by the functionalism and rationalism of the modern architecture, to the constructive rationalization of “typified” projects designed with mo-dular, serialized and standardized systems, allowing to achieve national coverage of the school system. Analyzing these works as an architectural experience, we see that the implementation of innovative educational models in the public system, are applied incipiently, prevailing technological aspects of cost savings for a massive and efficient design","PeriodicalId":40227,"journal":{"name":"Arquitecturas del Sur","volume":"35 1","pages":"14-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3000,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Arquitecturas del Sur","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.22320/07196466.2017.35.052.03","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"ARCHITECTURE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
espanolLas edificaciones escolares disenadas desde los anos 40 en Chile, dan cuenta de las innovaciones formales, espaciales y tecnologicas desarrolladas por la Sociedad Constructora de Establecimientos Educacionales. A partir de los anos 60, estas innovaciones en los modelos arquitectonicos fueron propiciadas por organismos internacionales que gestaron politicas de masificacion de la educacion como respuesta a una sociedad altamente demandante, influyendo en toda Latinoamerica, en los modelos arquitectonicos, los fundamentos pedagogicos y los procesos de ejecucion de las escuelas. En este contexto, las obras chilenas, transitan desde los disenos “tipologicos” inspirados en el racionalismo de la arquitectura moderna, a la racionalizacion constructiva de proyectos “tipificados” disenados con sistemas modulares, permitiendo lograr la cobertura nacional del sistema escolar. Analizando estas obras como experiencia arquitectonica, vemos que, la implementacion de modelos educativos innovadores en el sistema publico, se aplican incipientemente, prevaleciendo aspectos tecnologicos de economia de costos para un diseno masivo y eficiente. EnglishThe school buildings designed since the 1960 in Chile give an account of the formal, spatial and technological innovations developed by the Construction Society of School Establishments. Since those years, these innovations in architectural models have been fostered by international organizations that have developed education policies in response to a highly demanding society, influencing all of Latin America, architectural models, pedagogical foundations and the execution processes of the schools. In this context, Chilean works move from “typological” designs inspired by the functionalism and rationalism of the modern architecture, to the constructive rationalization of “typified” projects designed with mo-dular, serialized and standardized systems, allowing to achieve national coverage of the school system. Analyzing these works as an architectural experience, we see that the implementation of innovative educational models in the public system, are applied incipiently, prevailing technological aspects of cost savings for a massive and efficient design