Treatment of malocclusions in the temporal period of bite, children with speech disorders by means of myogymnastics and face tapping.

Abstract

Introduction: The article deals with the current problems of modern orthodontics, aimed at increasing the effectiveness of treatment of sagittal anomalies of bite, which are complicated by speech disorders, patients in the period of bite. The effectiveness of the proposed methods of treatment is investigated, and their complex approach to the correction of this pathology is evaluated. Materials and methods: We were taken on the treatment of 47 children with temporary bite, aged 3 to 5 years old, who experienced dental anomalies in combination with organic dyslallia. Depending on the pathology of bite, patients were divided into subgroups A and B. Subgroup A included children with distal bite, to subgroup B - with mesial. According to the chosen method of orthodontic treatment, patients of experimental groups were additionally divided into 2 subgroups. In 1 subgroup included children, the treatment of which was carried out according to the proposed method, to 2 subgroups - according to the standard. The control group included 11 children with physiological bites of similar age without speech disorders. Results: The effectiveness of proposed schemes of orthodontic and logopedic rehabilitation was proved by clinical, anthropometric and functional indicators, which were determined prior to and at different times after starting treatment. Clinical efficacy of performed orthodontic treatment is established on the term of treatment, normalization of articulation motility, normalization of anthropometric indices, normalization of palatogram characteristics, indexes of functional activity of the tooth-jaw system, normalization of occlusal ratios of dentitions. Conclusion: Using the proposed method of orthodontic treatment (with the use of orthodontic equipment in combination with modified myogymnastics and facial tapping), the dynamics of all the studied parameters correlated with the timing of the pathology elimination and indicated an increased effectiveness of treatment in applying the proposed method, namely: all patients had normalization forms of dental arches, normalized indexes of width and length of the dental arc. Immediately after the end of the treatment, electromyographic indices were normalized and occlusive relationships restored. Similar indicators for those who were treated according to the standard method, although they showed positive dynamics, but differed both from the indicators of persons who were treated according to the proposed method, and from the indicators of the control group. Key words: maxillofacial area, malocclusions, sagittal anomalies, speech disorders, tapping,