FALLING FROM GRACE AND THE PROBLEM OF FREE WILL

IF 0.4 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY European Journal for Philosophy of Religion Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI:10.24204/ejpr.2022.3740
Nicole Hassoun
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Abstract

On the traditional Christian doctrine: 1. People have free will (in Heaven as on Earth). 2. Those with free will can go to Hell. 3. Heaven is eternal. Many Christians also hold: 4. God is all powerful, knowing and good and 5. Free will can justify eternal suffering, evil, or hell. The paper argues that those who accept a version of Christianity that endorses 1–5 face a dilemma: Either deny that free will can justify suffering, evil, or hell or accept that we can fail in heaven and so go to hell. It suggests that compassionate Christians may do best to i) give up on the idea that free will is valuable enough to justify significant suffering. This may require: ii) accepting that something has gone woefully wrong on Earth and iii) giving up the idea that people can suffer significantly in Hell, but allows Christians to maintain that iv) Heaven is eternal.
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堕落的恩典和自由意志的问题
关于传统基督教教义:1。人有自由意志(在天堂和在地球上一样)。2.有自由意志的人可以下地狱。3.天堂是永恒的。许多基督徒也认为:4。上帝是全能的、有见识的、善良的。自由意志可以为永恒的痛苦、邪恶或地狱辩护。该论文认为,那些接受支持1-5的基督教版本的人面临着一个困境:要么否认自由意志可以为痛苦、邪恶或地狱辩护,要么接受我们可能在天堂失败,因此下地狱。这表明,富有同情心的基督徒可能会尽最大努力i)放弃自由意志足以证明重大痛苦的价值的想法。这可能需要:ii)承认地球上出现了严重的问题,iii)放弃人们可能在地狱遭受巨大痛苦的想法,但允许基督徒坚持iv)天堂是永恒的。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
20.00%
发文量
53
期刊介绍: European Journal for Philosophy of Religion (EJPR) is a peer-reviewed international journal devoted to the problems of the philosophy of religion. EJPR has been founded with the aim of fostering the development of philosophy of religion in Europe and elsewhere.
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