The characteristics of the patients of Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) in Sanglah Central General Hospital’s Emergency Room and Intensive Care Unit in the period from February 2019 to February 2022

Abstract

Background and purpose. This study aimed to explain that Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a term that describes sepsis-associated brain dysfunction, which most often occurs in intensive care and is becoming an increasingly common disease in the Emergency Room with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In SAE, the clinical description that appears consists of a description of the underlying disease, namely sepsis, and encephalopathy. The source and aetiology of infection are essential factors in developing SAE. Methods. It was a descriptive and retrospective study that described the characteristics of SAE patients. The data involved age, gender, vital signs, level of consciousness, haematological parameters, culture results, source of infection, underlying disease, and patient’s external condition. The samples were taken based on the medical record data of patients who met the inclusion criteria, which were then processed descriptively through the number and percentage. Results. There were 227 data in this study. The dominance of age ≥ 60 years was 56.32%, with a mortality rate of 61.73%. There were 157 patients with underlying disease of hypertension, and the most common source of infection was acute respiratory tract infection, with the most common microorganism involved Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusions. Elderly patients show higher mortality in SAE, especially when the underlying disease is hypertension and stroke, with the most infections originating from the respiratory tract, so it often progresses more quickly and has a poor prognosis.