EDUARD SUESS AND PALAEONTOLOGY: HIS ILLUSTRATIONS

IF 0.3 4区 哲学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Earth Sciences History Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI:10.17704/1944-6187-40.2.461
A. Şengör
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Abstract

The very first scientific paper by the great Austrian geologist Eduard Suess (1831–1914), the dean of geologists internationally during his lifetime, treats the graptolites of Bohemia (the ‘Barrandian’). This paper and most of his subsequent papers on palaeontology are accompanied by superb drawings of his observations in which Suess took great care not to insert himself between Nature as he perceived it in the framework of the knowledge of his day and his readers. In his drawings, he exercised what the great German geologist Hans Cloos later called ‘the art of leaving out’. This meant that in the drawings, the parts not relevant to the discussion are left only in outline, whereas parts he wished to highlight are brought to the fore by careful shading; but even the parts left only in outline are not schematic, instead they are careful reconstructions true to Nature as much as the material allowed it. This characteristic of Suess’ illustrations is seen also in his later field sketches concerning stratigraphy and structural geology and also in his depiction of the large tectonic features of our globe representing a guide to his manner of thinking. His illustrations in his early palaeontological work foreshadowed the later global geologist’s approach to our planet (and the Moon!) as a whole.
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爱德华·苏伊斯与古生物学:他的插图
伟大的奥地利地质学家爱德华·苏斯(Eduard Suess,1831–1914)是他一生中国际地质学家的院长,他的第一篇科学论文研究了波西米亚的笔石(“Barrandian”)。这篇论文和他随后发表的大多数关于古生物学的论文都附有他观察到的极好的图画,在这些图画中,苏斯非常小心地不把自己插入他在当时和读者的知识框架中所感知的自然之间。在他的绘画中,他运用了伟大的德国地质学家汉斯·克洛斯后来所说的“遗漏的艺术”。这意味着,在图纸中,与讨论无关的部分只留有轮廓,而他希望强调的部分则通过仔细的阴影突出;但即使是只留下轮廓的部分也不是示意性的,相反,它们是在材料允许的范围内对真实自然的仔细重建。苏斯插图的这一特点也体现在他后来关于地层学和结构地质学的野外素描中,也体现在对地球大型构造特征的描绘中,这为他的思维方式提供了指导。他早期古生物学作品中的插图预示着后来的全球地质学家对我们的星球(以及月球!)的整体研究。
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来源期刊
Earth Sciences History
Earth Sciences History GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
1
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Earth Sciences History promotes and publishes historical work on all areas of the earth sciences – including geology, geography, geophysics, oceanography, paleontology, meteorology, and climatology. The journal honors and encourages a variety of approaches to historical study: biography, history of ideas, social history, and histories of institutions, organizations, and techniques. Articles are peer reviewed.
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