Anxiety and coping strategies among women with hyperemesis gravidarum in Malaysia

Abstract

Aim: Anxiety is prevalent among women with Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG), which is associated with coping strategies and bio-psychosocial risk factors. This study aims to predict socioeconomic status (SES) and obstetric factors towards anxiety and stress-coping strategy, and to explore the significant differences in levels of anxiety on each coping strategy. Design: It was a cross-sectional survey in the Malaysian context. Methods: Forty women medically diagnosed with HG were recruited and completed Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) to assess generalized anxiety disorder and coping scale inventory using the Brief COPE questionnaire. Results: The employment status of pregnant women diagnosed with HG significantly predicted their anxiety. Household income and education level predicted emotion-focused coping strategies. None of the obstetric factors predicted the coping strategy. A significant difference was found across anxiety levels in problem-focused and dysfunctional coping strategies. The post-hoc test reveals that dysfunctional coping has the highest mean score in the severe anxiety category. Conclusion: It is essential to promote awareness about effective coping strategies for pregnant women who are diagnosed with HG. Greater efforts are needed to increase the duty of care among healthcare providers to propagate holistic and resourceful coping management with the HG that could help potential patients in the future.