{"title":"Historical geomagnetic observations from Prague observatory (since 1839) and their contribution to geomagnetic research","authors":"P. Hejda, F. Valach, M. Revallo","doi":"10.5194/hgss-14-51-2023","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Shortly after the introduction of the physical unit for the magnetic field in 1832 and the invention of the bifilar apparatus in 1837, both being extraordinary scientific achievements that took place in Göttingen, the Clementinum observatory in Prague became one of the first places where systematic observations of the horizontal intensity of the geomagnetic field began. Karl Kreil was decisively responsible for this. In this paper, we focus on the very beginnings of geomagnetic observations in Prague, dating from the middle of 1839. We describe the archival materials with data that exist from that time, how the main instrument for observing magnetic storms – the bifilar magnetometer – worked and how it was calibrated, and the first magnetic survey in Bohemia. This study indicates the importance of historical geomagnetic observation materials to modern science, such as space weather research.\n","PeriodicalId":48918,"journal":{"name":"History of Geo- and Space Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"History of Geo- and Space Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-14-51-2023","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Abstract. Shortly after the introduction of the physical unit for the magnetic field in 1832 and the invention of the bifilar apparatus in 1837, both being extraordinary scientific achievements that took place in Göttingen, the Clementinum observatory in Prague became one of the first places where systematic observations of the horizontal intensity of the geomagnetic field began. Karl Kreil was decisively responsible for this. In this paper, we focus on the very beginnings of geomagnetic observations in Prague, dating from the middle of 1839. We describe the archival materials with data that exist from that time, how the main instrument for observing magnetic storms – the bifilar magnetometer – worked and how it was calibrated, and the first magnetic survey in Bohemia. This study indicates the importance of historical geomagnetic observation materials to modern science, such as space weather research.
期刊介绍：
The scope of History of Geo- and Space Sciences (HGSS) is to document historical facts and knowledge and to improve awareness of the history of geoscience. The knowledge of the development of geosciences and their experimental methods and theories in the past can improve our current understanding and may stimulate current research. It is encouraging for young scientists to read biographical material of historical figures in their research area. It is important as well to learn that history of science is an integrated part of the ongoing research in their research area. Another important aim of the journal is the association of historical retrospective and current research.
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