Evaluating the Use of Diazepam in Stranded Dolphins and Porpoises for Husbandry and Veterinary Purposes

IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q4 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY Aquatic Mammals Pub Date : 2023-01-15 DOI:10.1578/am.49.1.2023.94
R. Kastelein, Martin J. Bakker, N. Jennings, Jennifer Covi-Dijkhuizen
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Abstract

We evaluated the use of diazepam (Valium®) during the rehabilitation of odontocetes (dolphins and porpoises) to facilitate husbandry and for veterinary purposes, by analyzing detailed records from a period of 14 years of the treatment of 16 stranded individuals: harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena), white-beaked dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris), a common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), and a striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba). Diazepam was used occasionally (once per case or for a few days at a time) to facilitate husbandry, including for managing stressful and transitional circumstances and during transport. It was also used occasionally (once per case) for veterinary purposes, such as to reduce stress or to facilitate x-ray scanning, gastroscopy, blood sampling, or wound treatment. Diazepam was found to be effective as an anti-anxiety drug, to cause drowsiness (i.e., reduce activity levels), as a muscle relaxant, and as an appetite stimulant. The doses used were similar for husbandry and veterinary purposes (0.03 to 0.44 mg/kg body weight), and the drug was administered almost exclusively orally (via fish) or via intramuscular injection.
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用于饲养和兽医目的的搁浅海豚和海豚使用安定的评估
我们通过分析16只搁浅个体14年治疗的详细记录,评估了在牙冠(海豚和鼠海豚)康复过程中使用安定(安定®)以促进饲养和兽医目的:港湾鼠海豚(Phocoena Phocoena)、白喙海豚(Lagenorhynchus albirostris)、一种常见的海豚(Delphinus delphis),和条纹海豚(Stenella coeruleoalba)。安定偶尔使用(每例一次或一次使用几天),以促进畜牧业,包括管理压力和过渡环境以及运输过程中。它也偶尔用于兽医目的(每例一次),例如减轻压力或促进x射线扫描、胃镜检查、血液采样或伤口治疗。地西泮被发现是一种有效的抗焦虑药物,能引起嗜睡(即降低活动水平),是一种肌肉松弛剂,也是一种食欲兴奋剂。用于畜牧和兽医目的的剂量相似(0.03至0.44 mg/kg体重),该药物几乎完全通过口服(通过鱼类)或肌肉注射给药。
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来源期刊
Aquatic Mammals
Aquatic Mammals MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY-ZOOLOGY
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
16.70%
发文量
99
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Aquatic Mammals is a peer-reviewed journal sponsored by the European Association for Aquatic Mammals (EAAM), the Alliance of Marine Mammal Parks and Aquariums (AMMPA), and the International Marine Animal Trainers’ Association (IMATA). Aquatic Mammals publishes articles related to marine mammals (whales, dolphins, seals, fur seals, sea lions, walrus, dugongs, manatees, sea otters, and polar bears). Topics of publication on both captive animals and wild marine mammals include aspects of husbandry; behavior; conservation; veterinary medicine; anatomy; physiology; training; population trends; and the effects of pollution, climate change, and noise.
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