LEONARDO DA VINCI’S AND NICOLAUS STENO’S GEOLOGY

IF 0.3 4区 哲学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Earth Sciences History Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI:10.17704/1944-6187-40.2.293
G. B. Vai
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Abstract

Anniversaries for the two founding fathers of geology occurring in the same year prompted a comparative evaluation of how the two contributed to establishing the basic principles of the discipline. To do so, passages from their publications, codices and manuscripts have been quoted directly. The Stenonian principles (‘original horizontality’, ‘original continuity’, and ‘superposition of individual strata’) are present in Leonardo’s notebooks amazingly formulated, using similar wording when studying the same area more than 150 years earlier. Also, Stenonian priority in naming and explaining geological concepts and processes (e.g., faulting, folding, angular unconformity, relative chronology) are mirrored in Leonardo’s writings and pictorial works. While Steno enjoys priority in stepwise restoration of the geological history of a given region, Leonardo was the first to construct a 3D geological profile representation and geomorphologic maps. Lastly, the paper focuses on diverging stances of the two savants about the Noachian Deluge and the age of the Earth. Already 500 years ago, Leonardo had solved the question of marine fossil remains of organic origin found in the mountains implying the possibility of deep geologic time in a statement of ‘eternalism’. 350 years ago, Steno solved the same question in a different way in which he retained a basic role for the Deluge and assumed a short age for the Earth by focusing mainly on short-lived sedimentary and geomorphologic processes.
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达与斯丹诺的地质学
同年,两位地质学创始人的周年纪念活动促使人们对两人如何为建立该学科的基本原则做出贡献进行了比较评估。为了做到这一点,他们的出版物、汇编和手稿中的段落被直接引用。史丹农原理(“原始水平性”、“原始连续性”和“单个地层的叠加”)出现在莱昂纳多的笔记本中,令人惊讶地制定了这些原则,150多年前在研究同一地区时使用了类似的措辞。此外,在命名和解释地质概念和过程(如断层、褶皱、角度不整合、相对年代)方面,史坦农学派的优先地位反映在莱昂纳多的著作和绘画作品中。虽然Steno在逐步恢复特定地区的地质历史方面享有优先权,但Leonardo是第一个构建3D地质剖面图和地貌图的人。最后,本文着重分析了两位学者对挪亚洪水和地球时代的不同立场。早在500年前,莱昂纳多就解决了在山区发现的有机起源的海洋化石遗骸的问题,这意味着深层地质时代的可能性,并发表了“永恒主义”的声明。350年前,斯坦诺以一种不同的方式解决了同样的问题,他保留了洪水的基本作用,并通过主要关注短暂的沉积和地貌过程,假设地球的年龄很短。
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来源期刊
Earth Sciences History
Earth Sciences History GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
1
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Earth Sciences History promotes and publishes historical work on all areas of the earth sciences – including geology, geography, geophysics, oceanography, paleontology, meteorology, and climatology. The journal honors and encourages a variety of approaches to historical study: biography, history of ideas, social history, and histories of institutions, organizations, and techniques. Articles are peer reviewed.
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