The Revelation Effect Occurs Whether or Not Working Memory Is Occupied

Hiroshi Miura, Y. Itoh
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Abstract

The revelation effect is a phenomenon wherein performing a cognitive task before a recognition judgment induces “old” responses. One of the theories for the occurrence mechanism of the revelation effect is the criterion shift account (Niewiadomski & Hockley, 2001). This account explains that because working memory is occupied when people solve a cognitive task, they adopt a more liberal criterion for recognition judgments immediately after a cognitive task than those with no preceding cognitive task. However, no studies of the revelation effect in which manipulation of working memory was intended have been conducted. We examined whether working memory load and capacity are related to the revelation effect. The results showed that neither the occurrence of the revelation effect nor its degree was affected by working memory load or capacity. As the results suggest working memory is not related to the revelation effect, a partially or entirely alternative account that can explain the revelation effect is needed.
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无论工作记忆是否被占用,启示效应都会发生
启示效应是一种在识别判断之前执行认知任务会引发“旧”反应的现象。揭示效应发生机制的理论之一是标准转换解释(Niewiadomski和Hockley,2001)。这一解释解释说,由于人们在解决认知任务时会占用工作记忆,因此与之前没有认知任务的人相比,他们在完成认知任务后立即采用更自由的识别判断标准。然而,尚未对操纵工作记忆的启示效应进行研究。我们研究了工作记忆负荷和容量是否与启示效应有关。结果表明,工作记忆负荷或容量对启示效应的发生及其程度均无影响。由于研究结果表明,工作记忆与启示效应无关,因此需要一个部分或完全替代的解释来解释启示效应。
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