A DESCRIPTIVE REVIEW OF RELATIONSHIP OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS WITH HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED AND COMMUNITY-ONSET BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS

Abstract

Background: Bloodstream Infections (BSIs) that arise secondary to urinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequently encountered in both community and hospital settings and are associated with significant morbidity, mortality, high healthcare costs and prolonged hospital stays Objective: This descriptive review aims to evaluate available information on the relationship of urinary tract infections with healthcare-associated and community-onset bloodstream infections to get a deeper understanding of improved public health interventions and suggest possibilities for future research. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Embase. Articles published during the last 10 years (2010 and 2020) were imported into providence for the initial title and abstract screening. All study abstracts were reviewed by two independent reviewers and were eligible for full-text review if they mentioned urinary tract infection as a source of bloodstream infection. The data obtained were analyzed in Microsoft Excel. Results: Out of 65 articles reviewed for full text, 10 studies were selected. In total 6763 BSI cases were reported. We observed 2075 (30.6%) community-acquired (CA) BSIs compared to 1102 (16.2%) healthcare-associated (HCA) BSIs, and 1484 (21.9%) hospital-acquired (HA) BSIs. UTI was a major source of BSIs in community settings followed by HCA BSIs in most studies. Escherichia. coli was the most common pathogen isolated in patients with CA-BSIs. Hospital Acquired and HCA bacterial infections have the most antimicrobial resistance, compared to CA-infections. Conclusion: Urinary tract Infections are a major source of developing secondary BSIs. Escherichia. coli is a major pathogen in CA-BSIs. Multidrug-resistant organisms accounted for most of the BSIs, especially in hospital settings and among patients receiving health care. Keywords: Bloodstream infection, UTI, Hospital Acquired, Community Acquired