Blue Green Systems for urban heat mitigation: mechanisms, effectiveness and research directions

IF 2.3 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Blue-Green Systems Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI:10.2166/bgs.2022.028
Noëmie Probst, P. Bach, L. Cook, M. Maurer, J. Leitão
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Reflected in the growing body of literature, urban heat mitigation is increasingly relevant as cities experience extreme heat, exacerbated by climate change and rapid urbanisation. Most studies focus on urban–rural temperature differences, known as the Urban Heat Island, which does not provide insight into urban heat dynamics. Here, we synthesise current knowledge on spatio-temporal variations of heat sources and sinks, showing that a targeted and absolute understanding of urban heat dynamics rather than an urban–rural comparison should be encouraged. We discuss mechanisms of heat sinks for microclimate control, provide a clear classification of Blue Green Systems and evaluate current knowledge of their effectiveness in urban heat mitigation. We consider planning and optimisation aspects of Blue Green Infrastructure (greenery and water bodies/features), interactions with hard surfaces and practices that ensure space and water availability. Blue Green Systems can positively affect urban microclimates, especially when strategically planned to achieve synergies. Effectiveness is governed by their dominant cooling mechanisms that show diurnal and seasonal variability and depend upon background climatic conditions and characteristics of surrounding urban areas. Situationally appropriate combination of various types of Blue Green Systems and their connectivity increases heat mitigation potential while providing multiple ecosystem services but requires further research.
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城市热缓解的蓝绿系统:机制、有效性和研究方向
反映在越来越多的文献中,随着城市经历极端高温,气候变化和快速城市化加剧,城市热量缓解变得越来越重要。大多数研究都集中在城市和农村的温差上,被称为城市热岛,这并不能深入了解城市的热动力学。在这里,我们综合了当前关于热源和散热器时空变化的知识,表明应该鼓励对城市热动力学进行有针对性的绝对理解,而不是进行城乡比较。我们讨论了散热器控制小气候的机制,对蓝绿系统进行了明确的分类,并评估了目前对其在城市散热中的有效性的认识。我们考虑蓝绿基础设施(绿化和水体/特征)的规划和优化方面,与坚硬表面的互动以及确保空间和水资源可用性的实践。蓝绿系统可以对城市小气候产生积极影响,尤其是在进行战略规划以实现协同效应的情况下。有效性由其主要的冷却机制决定,这些机制表现出昼夜和季节变化,并取决于背景气候条件和周围城市地区的特征。各种类型的蓝绿系统及其连接的适当组合在提供多种生态系统服务的同时增加了散热潜力,但需要进一步研究。
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Blue-Green Systems
Blue-Green Systems Multiple-
CiteScore
8.70
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0.00%
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