Coexistence patterns and diversity in a trait-based metacommunity on an environmental gradient

IF 1.2 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY Theoretical Ecology Pub Date : 2021-06-16 DOI:10.1101/2021.06.15.448245
M.M.A. Mohammed, B. Blasius, A. Ryabov
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Abstract

The dynamics of trait-based metacommunities have attracted much attention, but not much is known about how dispersal and spatial environmental variability mutually interact with each other to drive coexistence patterns and diversity. Here, we present a spatially explicit model of competition for two essential resources in a metacommunity on a one-dimensional environmental gradient. We find that both the strength of dispersal and the range of spatial environmental variability affect coexistence patterns, spatial structure, trait distribution, and local and regional diversity. Without dispersal, species are sorted according to their optimal growth conditions on the gradient. With the onset of dispersal, source-sink effects are initiated, which increases the effects of environmental filtering and interspecific competition and generates trait lumping, so that only a few species from an environment-defined trait range can survive. Interestingly, for very large dispersal rates, species distributions become spatially homogeneous, but nevertheless two species at the extreme ends of the trade-off curve can coexist for large environmental variability. Local species richness follows a classic hump-shaped dependence on dispersal rate, while local and regional diversity exhibit a pronounced peak for intermediate values of the environmental variability. Our findings provide important insights into the factors that shape the structure of trait-based metacommunities.
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环境梯度下基于性状的元群落的共存模式与多样性
基于特征的元群落的动力学引起了人们的广泛关注,但对于扩散和空间环境变异如何相互作用以驱动共存模式和多样性,人们知之甚少。在这里,我们提出了一个在一维环境梯度上元群落中两种基本资源竞争的空间显式模型。我们发现,扩散强度和空间环境变异范围都会影响共存模式、空间结构、特征分布以及局部和区域多样性。在没有扩散的情况下,物种根据其在梯度上的最佳生长条件进行分类。随着扩散的开始,源库效应开始,这增加了环境过滤和种间竞争的影响,并产生了性状聚集,因此只有来自环境定义的性状范围的少数物种能够生存。有趣的是,对于非常大的扩散率,物种分布在空间上变得均匀,但对于大的环境变异性,处于权衡曲线末端的两个物种可以共存。当地物种丰富度遵循典型的驼峰形扩散率依赖性,而当地和区域多样性在环境变异的中间值表现出明显的峰值。我们的发现为塑造基于特质的元群落结构的因素提供了重要的见解。
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来源期刊
Theoretical Ecology
Theoretical Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
6.20%
发文量
23
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Theoretical Ecology publishes innovative research in theoretical ecology, broadly defined. Papers should use theoretical approaches to answer questions of ecological interest and appeal to and be readable by a broad audience of ecologists. Work that uses mathematical, statistical, computational, or conceptual approaches is all welcomed, provided that the goal is to increase ecological understanding. Papers that only use existing approaches to analyze data, or are only mathematical analyses that do not further ecological understanding, are not appropriate. Work that bridges disciplinary boundaries, such as the intersection between quantitative social sciences and ecology, or physical influences on ecological processes, will also be particularly welcome. All areas of theoretical ecology, including ecophysiology, population ecology, behavioral ecology, evolutionary ecology, ecosystem ecology, community ecology, and ecosystem and landscape ecology are all appropriate. Theoretical papers that focus on applied ecological questions are also of particular interest.
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