Biochar Modification Methods for Augmenting Sorption of Contaminants

IF 6.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Current Pollution Reports Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI:10.1007/s40726-022-00238-3

Abhishek Kumar, Tanushree Bhattacharya, Wasim Akram Shaikh, Sukalyan Chakraborty, Dibyendu Sarkar, Jayanta Kumar Biswas

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引用次数: 10

Abstract

Biochar is a stable carbonaceous material obtained on pyrolysing biomass. Although it possesses crucial properties of high surface area, porosity, surface functionality, and sorption capacity, there is immense scope to augment these properties for effective contaminant sorption. Physical and chemical modifications enhance surface area, porosity, and contents of oxygen-containing functional groups. While acidic modifications augment surface functional groups and cation exchange capacity, alkaline modifications increase aromaticity, hydrophobicity, and π-π interactions. Impregnation with metals amplifies magnetic properties, availability of active sites, chemisorption, electrostatic attraction, and complexation. These modifications assist in sorption of cationic and anionic contaminants. Accordingly, the present study reviews modified biochars which promote eco-friendly contaminant removal. Moreover, various biomass and modification methods utilised for modified biochar production have been elaborated along with the changes in physico-chemical properties. Importantly, mechanistic insights into the functional role of modified biochars for removal of contaminants have been provided. Further, the impact of ageing on modified biochars and their contaminant adsorption performance have been discussed. Lastly, the feasibility and limitations of various biochar modification methods in addition to different research gaps have been presented to create a road map for future investigations. Waste management and contaminant remediation are the need of the hour for planet survivability, which could be achieved by precise biochar modification.

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增强污染物吸附的生物炭改性方法

生物炭是通过热解生物质获得的一种稳定的碳质物质。虽然它具有高表面积、孔隙率、表面功能和吸附能力等关键特性，但为了有效吸附污染物，还有很大的空间可以增强这些特性。物理和化学修饰提高了含氧官能团的表面积、孔隙度和含量。酸性修饰增加了表面官能团和阳离子交换能力，碱性修饰增加了芳香性、疏水性和π-π相互作用。金属浸渍增强了磁性、活性位点的可用性、化学吸附、静电吸引和络合作用。这些修饰有助于吸附阳离子和阴离子污染物。因此，本研究综述了改性生物炭在促进生态污染物去除方面的研究进展。此外，随着物理化学性质的变化，各种生物质和用于改性生物炭生产的改性方法也得到了阐述。重要的是，已经提供了对改性生物炭去除污染物的功能作用的机制见解。进一步讨论了老化对改性生物炭及其污染物吸附性能的影响。最后，介绍了各种生物炭改性方法的可行性和局限性以及不同的研究空白，为未来的研究创建了路线图。废物管理和污染物修复是地球生存的需要，这可以通过精确的生物炭改性来实现。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Current Pollution Reports Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

1.40%

发文量

期刊介绍： Current Pollution Reports provides in-depth review articles contributed by international experts on the most significant developments in the field of environmental pollution.By presenting clear, insightful, balanced reviews that emphasize recently published papers of major importance, the journal elucidates current and emerging approaches to identification, characterization, treatment, management of pollutants and much more.