Paediatric cataracts in a tertiary eye centre in South-South Nigeria: An initial audit of surgical outcome

E. Nkanga, S. Okonkwo, E. Ezeh, C. Agweye, A. Ibanga, D. Nkanga
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Abstract

Background: Paediatric cataracts is a leading cause of treatable blindness and a major cause of blindness in developing nations. Aim: To present an audit of paediatric cataract and paediatric cataract surgery in a Tertiary Eye Care facility in the South-South Geopolitical Zone of Nigeria during the Seeing is Believing Project intervention. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of case notes of children who received surgical and adjunctive treatment for cataracts in the Calabar Children's Eye Centre during the 24-month study period from November 1, 2017, to October 31, 2019, was undertaken. Results: Of the 128 children who met the inclusion criteria, 73 (57.0%) were males and 55 (43.0%) were females, giving a male: female ratio of 1.3:1.0. The mean age of patients in years was 5.9 ± 4.1 years, median/interquartile range was 5.0/5. The most frequent diagnosis was bilateral cataracts affecting 80 (62.5%) children. Systemic comorbidities were found in 13/128 (10.2%), of which 7/13 (53.8%) were congenital rubella syndrome. Ocular comorbidities (40.6%) were more common than systemic comorbidities, and sensory esotropia presented most frequently (16.4%). More patients with congenital cataracts had ocular comorbidities, and this association was statistically significant, P < 0.001. The proportion of patients with good visual outcomes was highest among those with bilateral cataracts (64.8%), and ocular comorbidities were a significant negative predictor of best corrected postoperative visual acuity. A total of 94/128 (73.4%) patients received intraocular lens implants, and the most common postoperative complications were visual axis opacification (VAO) 37/69 (53.6%) and fibrinous uveitis 26/69 (37.7). Conclusion: Paediatric cataracts were often bilateral and congenital. Postoperative complications like VAO are common and can be detected early and treated to improve visual outcomes with good follow-up strategies.
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尼日利亚南部一家三级眼科中心的儿童白内障:手术结果的初步审计
背景:儿童白内障是可治疗失明的主要原因,也是发展中国家失明的主要病因。目的:对尼日利亚南南地缘政治区一家三级眼科护理机构在“看到就是相信”项目干预期间的儿童白内障和儿童白内障手术进行审计。材料和方法:对2017年11月1日至2019年10月31日在卡拉巴尔儿童眼科中心接受白内障手术和辅助治疗的儿童的病例记录进行了回顾性研究。结果:在符合纳入标准的128名儿童中,73名(57.0%)为男性,55名(43.0%)为女性,男女比例为1.3:1.0。患者年平均年龄为5.9±4.1岁,中位数/四分位间距为5.0/5。最常见的诊断是双侧白内障,影响80名(62.5%)儿童。系统性合并症有13/128例(10.2%),其中7/13例(53.8%)为先天性风疹综合征。眼部合并症(40.6%)比全身性合并症更常见,感觉性内斜视最常见(16.4%)。更多的先天性白内障患者患有眼部合并症,这种相关性具有统计学意义,P<0.001。在双侧白内障患者中,视力良好的患者比例最高(64.8%),眼部合并症是术后最佳矫正视力的重要负面预测因素。共有94/128例(73.4%)患者接受了人工晶状体植入术,最常见的术后并发症是视轴混浊37/69(53.6%)和纤维蛋白性葡萄膜炎26/69(37.7%)。VAO等术后并发症很常见,可以及早发现并进行治疗,以通过良好的随访策略改善视觉效果。
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来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
65
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: The Nigerian Journal of Medicine publishes articles on socio-economic, political and legal matters related to medical practice; conference and workshop reports and medical news.
期刊最新文献
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