Evaluation of biological risks related to the use of different kind of road surfaces

Abstract

The paper presents the biological degradation of different road surfaces. Microorganisms are able to damage the structure and function of synthetic polymers. Some of road pavements, that are still in developing stage are porous and contain high amount of polyurethane (up to 10% by weight) or polymer modified asphalts. The same fungal enzymes can break down the polyurethanes or metabolize the plasticizers in various polymers, resulting in embrittlement and loss of strength. Many sources, indicate that enzymes produced by fungi (so also produced by lichens) have adverse effect on polyurethane resins. According to literature, bacteria and lichens may deteriorate polyurethane resin resulting in loss of bonds between particles (rubber and stone chippings). It may be possible to decrease sensitivity of the road pavements to attack of bacteria and lichens by adding certain substances (inhibitors) to the mix. The paper presents pilot study related to biological interactions with poroelastic road pavements containing rubber and polyurethane resin.