{"title":"以“了”为端点构拟汉语语法的体系统模型","authors":"柳 燕梅","doi":"10.1515/caslar-2021-2004","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"提 要 本文对 “了” 的本体研究成果进行梳理总结, 首先, 把句末“了”和词尾“了”都归于体助词。两个“了”代表着事件、动作内部动态发展过程“体”中的两个端点: 发生起点(句末“了”)和完成结点(词尾“了”), 在此语法意义基础上探讨了两个“了”的句法条件和语用规则。其次, 通过对比时和体、汉语与英语时体系统的不同, 对汉语的时态提出了“已然”和“未然”两种时态隐性表达的假设。并根据汉语的不同体阶段构拟了汉语体系统的模型, 以图表方式总结汉语体系统中各个体助词的语法意义、句法条件和语用规则。然后, 基于“最近发展区”的教学理论, 提出在对外汉语教学中使用体系统的模型辅助体助词的教学, 以词尾“了”的教学举例来示范说明使用体模型的教学步骤和活动, 帮助学生对汉语语法的体系统全景有一个清晰的认识和了解。最后, 本文建议开展对“了”教学的不同尝试和实验, 探讨解决汉语语法教学中这一难点的有效方法和途径。","PeriodicalId":37654,"journal":{"name":"Chinese as a Second Language Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"239 - 263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Chinese as a Second Language Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1515/caslar-2021-2004","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Constructing a Aspect System Model of Chinese Grammar with "le" as the Endpoint
This article summarizes the research results of the ontology of "le". Firstly, both the end of the sentence "le" and the end of the word "le" are classified as auxiliary words. The two "les" represent the two endpoints in the internal dynamic development process of events and actions: the starting point of occurrence (the end of the sentence "le") and the completion node (the end of the word "le"). Based on this grammatical meaning, the syntactic conditions and pragmatic rules of the two "les" are explored. Secondly, by comparing the differences in tense and aspect systems between Chinese and English, two implicit expressions of tense in Chinese, namely "already" and "not yet", were proposed. And a model of the Chinese aspect system was constructed based on the different aspect stages of Chinese, summarizing the grammatical meaning, syntactic conditions, and pragmatic rules of each individual auxiliary word in the Chinese aspect system in a graphical manner. Then, based on the teaching theory of the "zone of proximal development", a model of the aspect system is proposed to assist in the teaching of aspect auxiliary words in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The teaching example of the suffix "le" is used to demonstrate the teaching steps and activities of using the aspect model, helping students have a clear understanding and perspective of the aspect system of Chinese grammar. Finally, this article suggests conducting different attempts and experiments on "le" teaching to explore effective methods and approaches to solve this difficulty in Chinese grammar teaching.
期刊介绍:
Chinese as a Second Language Research (CASLAR) focuses on research on the acquisition, development, and use of Chinese as a Second Language. It supports scholars and researchers from different linguistic fields, and serves as a forum to discuss, investigate, and better understand Chinese as a Second Language. Each issue (2 per year) of the journal publishes three papers in Chinese and three papers in English; summaries are always provided both in Chinese and English. We are especially interested in publishing articles and research papers that investigate how empirical findings of CSL research can advance and develop better Chinese language teaching methodologies, explore the implications of CSL research for theoretical developments and practical applications, focus on the acquisition and use of varieties of CSL, study the nature of interaction between native speakers and non-native speakers of Chinese, address major issues of second language acquisition from the perspective of CSL, analyze the ways in which language is both shaped by culture and is the medium through which culture is created.