{"title":"Bone Health in the Transgender Population.","authors":"Micol S Rothman, Sean J Iwamoto","doi":"10.1007/s12018-019-09261-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well known that sex steroids, particularly estrogen, play a crucial role in the attainment and maintenance of peak bone density in all people. Transgender (trans) women have been frequently observed to have low bone density prior to initiation of gender-affirming hormone therapy, while trans men generally do not. With pharmacologic estrogen, many studies show improving bone density in trans women. With pharmacologic testosterone, bone density in trans men remains largely unchanged although androgens have indirect effects on bone health via changes in fat and lean mass. Much remains unknown about best practices to optimize bone health, interpret DXA scans and assess fracture risk in trans adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":45316,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism","volume":"17 1","pages":"77-85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6709704/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12018-019-09261-3","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2019/7/2 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
It is well known that sex steroids, particularly estrogen, play a crucial role in the attainment and maintenance of peak bone density in all people. Transgender (trans) women have been frequently observed to have low bone density prior to initiation of gender-affirming hormone therapy, while trans men generally do not. With pharmacologic estrogen, many studies show improving bone density in trans women. With pharmacologic testosterone, bone density in trans men remains largely unchanged although androgens have indirect effects on bone health via changes in fat and lean mass. Much remains unknown about best practices to optimize bone health, interpret DXA scans and assess fracture risk in trans adults.
期刊介绍：
Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism is an international review journal aimed at integrating new information from both basic and clinical science into the context of clinical practice in the wide field of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. Although one purpose of the journal is to deal with the well-known classical aspects of bone and mineral physiology, the journal’s unique character is to highlight information about the advancing field of molecular medicine, which now finds linkages between this classical field and disease states that in the past were considered distinct. For example, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis share many biochemical pathways. New molecular tools show common pathways with bone physiology and obesity, diabetes mellitus, and energy metabolism. The focus on the novel is a major aspect of this journal’s purpose. The rapid developments in the field needs to be represented in a comprehensive way in order to keep students, clinicians and researchers up-to date. In order to assure that all latest developments are covered, the journal publishes, not only, unsolicited reviews, but also invited reviews on most important topics as well.
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