{"title":"Introduction: Bilingualism in the Education of Deaf Learners.","authors":"Connie Mayer, Beverly J Trezek","doi":"10.1353/aad.2023.0006","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46988,"journal":{"name":"American Annals of the Deaf","volume":"167 1","pages":"672-674"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Annals of the Deaf","FirstCategoryId":"95","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aad.2023.0006","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"EDUCATION, SPECIAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
尽管历史上无疑有双语和多语言的聋人,但直到20世纪后几十年,双语才成为聋人教育的一个明确重点。该领域目前的双语是以自然手语(如美国手语)为第一语言(L1),以多数口语(如英语)为第二语言。更具体地说,从教学的角度来看,其目的是通过完全可访问的L1(一种自然手语)提供教学。有人认为,这将允许在一级语言中进行适龄的语言和认知发展,进而为学习二级语言的读写提供必要的基础(Johnson et al.,1989;Lane et al.,1996;Small和Mason,2008;Strong,1988;Wilbur,2000)。这些项目的基本精神包括赋予聋人权力以及重视聋人社区的文化和语言(Swanwick&Gregory,2007)。尽管自20世纪80年代初以来,这些项目一直是全球教育格局的一个方面(例如,在澳大利亚、加拿大、英国、新西兰、瑞典、南非和美国)(Svartholm,2007),但关于它们在L1发展和L2读写能力发展方面的功效的研究一直不确定(例如,Mayer&Leigh,2010)。从一开始,人们就提出了关于语言相互依存性(Cummins 19891912000)如何适用于聋人教育的问题,在聋人教育中,L1和L2不共享相同的模式(即,L1是手语,L2是口语),L1没有书面形式,以及在缺乏面对面的能力的情况下是否有可能获得二语识字能力(Mayer&Wells,1996)。这些问题仍然悬而未决。2020年,我们对现有研究证据进行了系统审查,这些证据记录了在手语双语项目中接受教育的聋人学生的识字成绩;这篇综述随后发表在《美国聋人年鉴》上(Mayer&Trezek,2020)。审查的目的是确定早期的担忧是否合理,确定实证文献中的差距,并为未来的研究提出方向。虽然我们发现了大量描述手语双语教育模式及其实施的文献(例如,Livingston,1997;Mashie,1995),但很少有研究清楚地表明
期刊介绍:
The American Annals of the Deaf is a professional journal dedicated to quality in education and related services for deaf or hard of hearing children and adults. First published in 1847, the Annals is the oldest and most widely read English-language journal dealing with deafness and the education of deaf persons. The Annals is the official organ of the Council of American Instructors of the Deaf (CAID) and of the Conference of Educational Administrators of Schools and Programs for the Deaf (CEASD) and is directed and administered by a Joint Annals Administrative Committee made up of members of the executive committees of both of these organizations.