Late Mesozoic Carbonatite of Central Asia

IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Petrology Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI:10.1134/S0869591123010137
A. V. Nikiforov
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Abstract

Late Mesozoic carbonatites of Central Asia are developed within the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and adjacent territories of the Siberian and North China platforms. In terms of their structural position, age, geochemical characteristics, and other parameters, they differ from other carbonatite occurrences of Central Asia and are distinguished as the Late Mesozoic carbonatite province in Central Asia. The province includes separate areas of carbonatite magmatism, the geological position of which is determined by the relation with Late Mesozoic rift zones of intracontinental Asia. The carbonatites were formed within a relatively narrow time range (between 150 and 118 Ma) at the early evolution stages of these zones. The carbonatite-bearing complexes of the province are represented by subolcanic and volcanic associations of silicate rocks, carbonatites, magmatic non-silicate rocks (phosphates, sulfates, and others), as well as products of hydrothermal activity. The carbonatites are characterized by diverse composition and include calciocarbonatites, magnesiocarbonatites, and ferrocarbonatites. The silicate rocks are dominated by K–Na and K intermediate rocks. All these rocks have similar geochemical features determined by the elevated contents of LREE, Sr, Ba, and Pb, at low Nb and Ta contents. The typomorphic minerals of carbonatites of the province, in addition to carbonates, are fluorite, Ba and Sr sulfates or carbonates, LREE F-carbonates, and apatite. Unaltered carbonatites are enriched in 18О and 13С relative to mantle values, but in general fall within the compositional range of carbonatites around the world. Hydrothermal and supergene processes modified the mineral composition of carbonatites, which was accompanied by a change of the initial Sr, O, and C isotope composition. The Sr and Nd isotope composition of rocks of carbonatite complexes of the province in general depends on the age of the basement of a definite volcanic area. Carbonatites and associated silicate rocks have close isotope characteristics, but carbonatites usually show relative enrichment in (87Sr) and depletion in radiogenic neodymium (143Nd). The formation of the Late Mesozoic carbonatite province is related to the activity of mantle plumes, which controlled the Late Mesozoic magmatism in Central Asia. The plumes obviously were accompanied by fluid flows enriched in СО2, F, and S. This caused the enrichment of lithospheric mantle in volatile components, as well as REE, Sr, Ba, and K, which were extracted by a fluid en route to the surface. Subsequent melting of metasomatized mantle produced parental melts of carbonate-bearing rock complexes.

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中亚晚中生代碳酸盐岩
中亚晚中生代碳酸盐岩发育在中亚造山带及其邻近的西伯利亚地台和华北地台内。在构造位置、年龄、地球化学特征等参数上,与中亚其他碳酸盐岩赋存地不同,属于中亚晚中生代碳酸盐岩省。本省有独立的碳酸盐岩岩浆活动区,其地质位置由其与晚中生代亚洲大陆内裂谷带的关系决定。碳酸盐岩的形成时间相对较短(150 ~ 118ma),为该区早期演化阶段。该省的含碳酸盐杂岩以次火山和火山组合的硅酸盐岩石、碳酸盐、岩浆非硅酸盐岩石(磷酸盐、硫酸盐等)以及热液活动的产物为代表。碳酸盐组成多样,包括钙碳酸盐、镁碳酸盐和铁碳酸盐。硅酸盐岩以钾钠和钾中间岩为主。这些岩石具有相似的地球化学特征,主要表现为LREE、Sr、Ba、Pb含量较高,而Nb、Ta含量较低。该省碳酸盐的标型矿物除碳酸盐外,还有萤石、钡、锶硫酸盐或碳酸盐、轻稀土f碳酸盐和磷灰石。相对于地幔值,未蚀变碳酸盐岩富集于18О和13С,但总体上属于世界范围内碳酸盐岩的组成范围。热液和表生作用改变了碳酸盐岩的矿物组成,并改变了初始Sr、O和C同位素组成。全省碳酸盐岩杂岩的Sr、Nd同位素组成一般取决于某一特定火山区基底的年龄。碳酸盐岩及其伴生硅酸盐岩具有相近的同位素特征,但碳酸盐岩通常表现为(87Sr)相对富集和(143Nd)相对富集。晚中生代碳酸盐岩省的形成与地幔柱的活动有关,地幔柱控制了中亚地区晚中生代岩浆活动。这些地幔柱明显伴随着富含СО2、F和s的流体流动,这导致岩石圈地幔挥发性组分以及REE、Sr、Ba和K的富集,这些挥发性组分被流至地表的流体提取。交代地幔随后的熔融作用产生了含碳酸盐杂岩的母熔体。
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来源期刊
Petrology
Petrology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
20.00%
发文量
27
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Petrology is a journal of magmatic, metamorphic, and experimental petrology, mineralogy, and geochemistry. The journal offers comprehensive information on all multidisciplinary aspects of theoretical, experimental, and applied petrology. By giving special consideration to studies on the petrography of different regions of the former Soviet Union, Petrology provides readers with a unique opportunity to refine their understanding of the geology of the vast territory of the Eurasian continent. The journal welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Russian language.
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