Paleoindian Settlement Decisions in the Great Basin: A Test of the Pluvial Lake Hypothesis with the Ideal Free Distribution Model

IF 1.6 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI:10.1080/20555563.2023.2234739

P. Allgaier, B. Codding

引用次数: 0

Abstract

ABSTRACT Researchers propose that early Great Basin occupants preferentially settled near pluvial lakes to exploit highly profitable wetland habitats. Here we offer a preliminary systematic evaluation of this Pluvial Lake Hypothesis by testing two predictions from an ideal free distribution (IFD) model using a comprehensive database of radiocarbon-dated archaeological sites relative to reconstructed lake extent. We find that Paleoindian (> 8000 calendar years ago) settlements are significantly closer to wetlands than random across the Great Basin. However, when broken out by subregion (western, central, and eastern), the trend only holds for the western basin, likely because wetlands are so abundant in the central and eastern subregions that even random settlements fall within a 10-km foraging radius. The eastern subregion is the most suitable, having the lowest average distance to wetland habitats, and is the earliest occupied, which supports IFD predictions. This general pattern may help explain Paleoindian settlement patterns more broadly.

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大盆地古印第安人定居决策：用理想自由分布模型检验洪积湖假说

摘要研究人员提出，大盆地早期的居住者优先在洪泛湖附近定居，以开发利润丰厚的湿地栖息地。在这里，我们通过使用放射性碳年代考古遗址相对于重建湖泊范围的综合数据库，测试理想自由分布（IFD）模型的两个预测，对这一洪积湖假说进行了初步的系统评估。我们发现，古印第安人（8000多年前）的定居点比大盆地的随机定居点更接近湿地。然而，当按次区域（西部、中部和东部）划分时，这种趋势只适用于西部盆地，这可能是因为中部和东部次区域的湿地非常丰富，即使是随机的定居点也位于10公里的觅食半径内。东部次区域是最合适的，与湿地栖息地的平均距离最低，也是最早被占用的，这支持了IFD的预测。这一总体模式可能有助于更广泛地解释古印第安人的定居模式。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

PaleoAmerica Earth and Planetary Sciences-Paleontology

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： PaleoAmerica disseminates new research results and ideas about early human dispersal and migrations, with a particular focus on the Americas. It fosters an interdisciplinary dialog between archaeologists, geneticists and other scientists investigating the dispersal of modern humans during the late Pleistocene. The journal has three goals: First and foremost, the journal is a vehicle for the presentation of new research results. Second, it includes editorials on special topics written by leaders in the field. Third, the journal solicits essays covering current debates in the field, the state of research in relevant disciplines, and summaries of new research findings in a particular region, for example Beringia, the Eastern Seaboard or the Southern Cone of South America. Although the journal’s focus is the peopling of the Americas, editorials and research essays also highlight the investigation of early human colonization of empty lands in other areas of the world. As techniques are developing so rapidly, work in other regions can be very relevant to the Americas, so the journal will publish research relating to other regions which has relevance to research on the Americas.