A causal formulation of dissipative relativistic fluid dynamics with or without diffusion

Abstract

The article proposes a causal five-field formulation of dissipative relativistic fluid dynamics as a quasilinear symmetric hyperbolic system of second order. The system is determined by four dissipation coefficients η , ζ , κ , μ \eta ,\zeta ,\kappa ,\mu , free functions of the fields, which quantify shear viscosity, bulk viscosity, heat conductivity, and diffusion.