Sul significato dell’argomento aπὸ τοῦ νοεῖν del De ideis di Aristotele (Alex. Aphrod. in Metaph. 81, 25-82, 6)

Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI:10.13130/2282-0035/10516
F. Forcignanò
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Abstract

EnglishIn my paper I aim to discuss the so-called «argument from the thought» (ἀπὸ τοῦ νοeῖν) exposed in Aristotle’s Πeρὶ ἰδeῶν, i.e. the argument according to which the Forms exist because we are able to think things that exist and that are not particulars after they get corrupted as well. In my paper I argue that Aristotle offers not just a single but instead a twofold refutation of this argument. Furthermore, Aristotle’s criticism is based on a different meaning of νοeῖν from the one which is ascribed to the Platonists by Aristotle himself. Indeed, Plato’s use implies the ability to abstract non-particular items, whereas Aristotle’s criticism is based on the understanding of the act of thinking as thinking of individuals. Gail Fine operates a distinction between a broad meaning of νοeῖν (i.e. the act of thinking unspecifically understood) and a high-level meaning (i.e. the higher form of thought in a rather technical, speculative sense). On this basis she claims that the argument ascribed to the Platonists is different from the second of the «arguments from the sciences» because it is based on a broad meaning of νοeῖν. In my opinion, however, the argument ἀπὸ τοῦ νοeῖν is different from the second among the «arguments from the sciences» despite its being based on a high-level meaning of νοeῖν. In the final part of my paper, I shall discuss the connection between the Forms and the memory, something which is attributed by Aristotle to the Platonists: my aim is to show that this was most probably both an intra- and an extra-Academic argument, although it cannot be attributed directly to Plato italianoNel presente contributo si discute l’argomento del Πeρὶ ἰδeῶν aristotelico noto come 'argomento dal pensare' (ἀπὸ τοῦ νοeῖν), vale a dire l’argomento che afferma che le forme esistono perche possiamo pensare cose che sono e non sono particolari anche dopo che si sono corrotte. Si mostra qui come Aristotele muova non una, ma due obiezioni a tale argomento. Tali obiezioni si fondano su un significato di νοeῖν differente da quello attribuito ai platonici. Questo, infatti, prevede capacita di astrazione, mentre le critiche di Aristotele si limitano al pensiero di individui. Gail Fine ha distinto un significato broad del verbo νοeῖν (i.e. il pensiero genericamente inteso) da un significato high del verbo (i.e. la forma piu alta di pensiero in senso tecnico). Su questa base ha sostenuto che l’argomento attribuito ai platonici sia diverso dal secondo degli «argomenti dalle scienze» perche adotta un significato broad di νοeῖν. Io sostengo invece che l’argomento ἀπὸ τοῦ νοeῖν e differente dal secondo degli «argomenti dalle scienze», nonostante adotti un significato high di νοeῖν. Infine, si prende in esame la connessione tra la memoria e le forme attribuita da Aristotele ai platonici, mostrando come si tratti verosimilmente di un argomento extra e intra-academico non attribuibile direttamente a Platone.
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关于亚里士多德的De ideis(Alex.Aphrod.in Metaph.81,25-82,6)的论点aπὸ
在我的论文中,我的目的是讨论亚里士多德的Πeρ ς δe ν ν中所揭示的所谓的“思想论证”,即,根据这种论证,形式存在是因为我们能够思考存在的事物,而这些事物在被腐蚀之后也不是细节。在我的论文中,我认为亚里士多德不仅提供了一种反驳,而且提供了两种反驳。此外,亚里士多德的批评是基于νοe ν的不同含义,而不是亚里士多德自己赋予柏拉图主义者的含义。的确,柏拉图的用法意味着抽象非特定事物的能力,而亚里士多德的批评则是基于对思考行为的理解,即对个人的思考。Gail Fine区分了νοe ν的广义含义(即未被具体理解的思维行为)和高级含义(即在相当专业的、思辨的意义上的更高形式的思维)。在此基础上,她声称柏拉图主义者的论证不同于第二个“来自科学的论证”,因为它是基于νοe ν的广义意义。然而,在我看来,尽管这个论点是基于νο ο ν的高级含义,但它与“来自科学的论点”中的第二个论点不同。在我论文的最后一部分,我将讨论形式与记忆之间的联系,亚里士多德认为这是柏拉图主义者的观点:我的目的是表明,这很可能是一个内部和外部的学术论证,尽管它不能直接归因于柏拉图意大利语,但柏拉图现在的贡献是:亚里士多德的“论证”,即“论证”,即“论证”,即“论证”,即“论证”,即“论证”,即“论证”,即“论证”,即“论证”,即“论证”。亚里斯多德说:“我最不明白的是什么,我最不明白的是什么。”Tali obiezioni i’s fondani’s one’s one’s one’s one’s one’s one’s one’s one’s one’s one’s one’。问题是,不受限制的能力是不受限制的,亚里士多德的批判是不受限制的。Gail Fine区分了unsignificant(宽泛的)del verbo(宽泛的)和unsignificant(高级的)del verbo(技术意义上的)。在此基础上,我们发现了一个问题,那就是“论证”的归因是柏拉图式的,“论证”的归因是科学的,“论证”是科学的。如果你想要用“argument”来解释“argument”,你可以用“argumenti dalle scienze”来解释“argument”。当然,亚里士多德和柏拉图在同一联系中普遍存在,亚里士多德和柏拉图在同一联系中普遍存在,亚里士多德和柏拉图在同一联系中普遍存在,亚里士多德和柏拉图在同一联系中普遍存在,柏拉图在同一联系中普遍存在,亚里士多德在同一联系中普遍存在,亚里士多德在同一联系中普遍存在,柏拉图在同一联系中普遍存在,亚里士多德在同一联系中普遍存在,柏拉图在同一联系中普遍存在,柏拉图在同一联系中普遍存在。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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