Income Inequality, Race, and the EITC

IF 1.8 3区经济学 Q2 BUSINESS, FINANCE National Tax Journal Pub Date : 2022-02-21 DOI:10.1086/717959

B. Hardy, Charles M. Hokayem, James P. Ziliak

引用次数: 8

Abstract

We examine the relationship between the earned income tax credit (EITC) and Black-White after-tax income inequality from 1980 to 2020. The EITC lowers overall inequality by 5–10 percent in a typical year, improving the incomes of Black households relative to White households in the bottom half of the distribution. Gains in relative economic status emerged after the 1993 EITC expansion, concentrated among working-class Black households, and not extending to those at the very bottom. Estimating the effect of the 1993 expansion on labor supply, we find evidence of a much larger extensive-margin employment response for Black households than White households.

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收入不平等、种族和所得税抵免

我们研究了1980年至2020年劳动所得税抵免(EITC)与黑人-白人税后收入不平等之间的关系。在一个典型的年份里，EITC将整体不平等降低了5 - 10%，提高了黑人家庭相对于收入分配底部一半的白人家庭的收入。在1993年EITC扩大后，相对经济地位的提高出现了，主要集中在工薪阶层的黑人家庭，而没有延伸到最底层的家庭。估计1993年经济扩张对劳动力供给的影响，我们发现黑人家庭的广义边际就业反应比白人家庭大得多。

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来源期刊

National Tax Journal Multiple-

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

11.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： The goal of the National Tax Journal (NTJ) is to encourage and disseminate high quality original research on governmental tax and expenditure policies. Articles published in the regular March, June and September issues of the journal, as well as articles accepted for publication in special issues of the journal, are subject to professional peer review and include economic, theoretical, and empirical analyses of tax and expenditure issues with an emphasis on policy implications. The NTJ has been published quarterly since 1948 under the auspices of the National Tax Association (NTA). Most issues include an NTJ Forum, which consists of invited papers by leading scholars that examine in depth a single current tax or expenditure policy issue. The December issue is devoted to publishing papers presented at the NTA’s annual Spring Symposium; the articles in the December issue generally are not subject to peer review.