Face mask use among pedestrians during the COVID-19 pandemic in Northeast Iran: A survey on 223,848 pedestrians

IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal Pub Date : 2023-02-06 DOI:10.34172/ehem.2023.09
M. Sarmadi, Mehdi Bakhtiyaridovvombaygi, S. M. Ahmadi-Soleimani, H. Ebrahimipour, Mohammadreza Rezaiemanesh, Hadi Alizadeh-Siuki, S. Barzanouni, Mahdieh Torkzadeh, Mohammadreza Askari, S. Rahimi
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Abstract

Background: Despite the mass vaccination of people in countries, preventive health guidelines of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are still one of the most critical factors for pandemic control. The objectives of this study were to assess the overall use of face masks and investigate the diverse kinds of face masks used among pedestrians in northeast Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was designed in Torbat Heydariyeh, northeastern Iran, from February 19 to May 13, 2020. A total of 223 848 pedestrians were selected from 25 points of the city, using a multistage sampling method in 10 stages. Descriptive statistics were presented with frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test and Fisher exact test were used to assess the association between two categorical variables. Results: The overall percent of face mask usage was 78.68%. Women used face masks considerably higher than men (88.32% vs. 69.02%, P<0.001). Among the male and female pedestrians who used the mask, 6.27% and 2.04% wore face mask incorrectly, respectively. Surgical masks (73.7%) were the most common face masks worn by pedestrians. Overall, the face mask usage was significantly lower during a.m. (88.34%) compared to p.m. (78.52%) (P<0.001). Also, the face mask usage was significantly higher in the center sections of the city (86.49%) compared to the outskirts (43.67%) (P<0.001). Conclusion: Women use face masks significantly more than men. Using educational programs and establishing laws and regulations to prevent pandemics in cities is considered as a key factor.
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2019冠状病毒病大流行期间伊朗东北部行人口罩使用情况:对223,848名行人的调查
背景:尽管各国民众大规模接种疫苗,但2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)的预防性健康指南仍然是控制疫情的最关键因素之一。本研究的目的是评估口罩的总体使用情况,并调查伊朗东北部行人使用的各种口罩。方法:这项横断面研究于2020年2月19日至5月13日在伊朗东北部的托尔巴特·海达里耶设计。采用分10个阶段的多阶段抽样方法,从城市的25个点共选择了223848名行人。描述性统计以频率和百分比表示。卡方检验和Fisher精确检验用于评估两个分类变量之间的相关性。结果:总的口罩使用率为78.68%。女性使用口罩的比例明显高于男性(88.32%对69.02%,P<0.001)。在使用口罩的男性和女性行人中,分别有6.27%和2.04%的人不正确佩戴口罩。外科口罩(73.7%)是行人最常见的口罩。总体而言,与晚上(78.52%)相比,上午(88.34%)的口罩使用量显著降低(p<0.001)。此外,与郊区(43.67%)相比,城市中心区(86.49%)的口罩佩戴量显著增加(p<001)。结论:女性使用口罩的人数明显多于男性。利用教育计划和制定法律法规来预防城市流行病被认为是一个关键因素。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
37.50%
发文量
17
审稿时长
12 weeks
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