Evaluation of Self-Care Status and Its Relationship with Self-Efficacy of Patients with Hypertension

Abstract

Background and Objec ti ve: Hypertension is a common disease, o ft en asymptoma ti c and treatable. Le ft untreated, this condi ti on o ft en leads to fatal complica ti ons. The aim of this study was to inves ti gate the status of self-care and its rela ti onship with self-e ffi cacy of pa ti ents with hypertension in Mashhad in 2019. Materials and Methods: In this descrip ti ve cross-sec ti onal study, 250 pa ti ents with hypertension in Mashhad in 1398 were selected by mul ti -stage method from among pa ti ents referred to comprehensive health care centers. Data collec ti on tools were a three-part ques ti onnaire including: demographic informa ti on and a standard ques ti onnaire of self-e ffi cacy and self-care of blood pressure. Data were analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, linear correla ti on and regression by SPSS so ft ware version 20 with a signi fi cance level of 0.05. Results: Based on the fi ndings, self-e ffi cacy and self-care behaviors with scores of 40.43 ± 10.13 and 48.78±10.66 were rela ti vely undesirable. There was a signi fi cant rela ti onship between self-e ffi cacy and self-care behaviors with job, body mass index, number of sessions of receiving blood pressure counseling, drug use, and history of illness in the father (p <0.05). It is worth men ti oning that a posi ti ve and signi fi cant correla ti on was observed between the general scores of self-care and self-e ffi cacy (P = 0.001) (rp = 0.82). Conclusion: Due to the signi fi cant correla ti on between self-care behaviors and self-e ffi cacy and because these cases are very e ff ec ti ve in preven ti ng and controlling blood pressure. Therefore, it is recommended that educa ti onal programs for pa ti ents with hypertension to increase adherence to self-care behaviors and improve levels. Pa ti ent self-e ffi cacy to be designed and implemented.