Hybrid nanofluid MHD motion towards an exponentially stretching/shrinking sheet with the effect of thermal radiation, heat source and viscous dissipation

Abstract

In this article, the heat transfer of Al\(_2 \textrm{O}_3\)–Cu/H\(_2\)O in the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation point flow in the direction of an exponentially stretching/shrinking sheet with the effect of heat source, thermal radiation and viscous dissipation is examined. The inclusion of dissipative heat, thermal radiation and additional heat source enriches the study as well. Using suitable similarity transformations, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The ODEs are solved numerically by the built-in function bvp4c in MATLAB. By the addition of nanoparticle, effects of various parameters were studied, and the outcomes revealed that the skin friction coefficient decreases and the local Nusselt number increases. In comparison, viscous dissipation causes an improvement in the fluid thermal state and, as a result, triggers the thermal boundary layer to rise.