Abhishek Kumar, Deepak M. Maurya, Binita Phartiyal, Mohammad Arif, Niteshkumar Khonde, Ravi Bhushan, Partha Sarathi Jena, Ankur Dabhi, L. S. Chamyal
{"title":"Holocene evolution of the Banni Plain at the north-east margin of the Arabian Sea: Constraints from a ca 50 m long sediment core","authors":"Abhishek Kumar, Deepak M. Maurya, Binita Phartiyal, Mohammad Arif, Niteshkumar Khonde, Ravi Bhushan, Partha Sarathi Jena, Ankur Dabhi, L. S. Chamyal","doi":"10.1002/dep2.241","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Holocene evolutionary history of the Banni Plain in the Great Rann of the Kachchh Basin is reconstructed from a subsurface sediment core of <i>ca</i> 50 m. Detailed data on textural and lithofacies variations, grain-size analysis, environmental magnetism and accelerator mass spectrometry <sup>14</sup>C dates on seven samples were generated on the sediment core retrieved from the Banni Plain near Berada. A high-resolution record extending back to 10 ka has been reconstructed from the top <i>ca</i> 40 m of the core section comprising shallow marine sediments. The core is divisible into five depositional units. The basal part is a fluvial depositional unit followed upward by estuarine, sub-tidal, intertidal and supra-tidal environments. The sediment accumulation rate is highest in the sub-tidal to intertidal facies (1.9 cm year<sup>−1</sup>) and decreases towards the supra-tidal facies to 0.09 cm year<sup>−1</sup>. Environmental magnetic analysis, χlf coupled with the S-ratio, indicates high magnetic mineral concentrations during the Early Holocene, suggesting a wet period accompanied by high monsoon precipitation. This is followed by the onset of semi-arid conditions in the Great Rann of the Kachchh Basin as indicated by the low values of the χlf and S-ratios. A westward and northward shift in the shoreline towards the deeper part of the basin is suggested during the Late Holocene, which is coupled with aridity and reduced monsoonal conditions. The change in depositional pattern from the retrogradational deposit of fluvial (Unit 1) to estuarine sediment (Unit 2), progressing to sub-tidal (Unit 3), is attributed to sea-level transgression followed by regressive intertidal (Unit 4) to supra-tidal deposition (Unit 5), culminating in complete withdrawal of the sea, aided by tectonic uplift, during the Late Holocene. The results reveal that the sediment accumulation rates and depositional environments changed over time in response to changes in sea level from minima to maxima and then eventually to the present level.</p>","PeriodicalId":54144,"journal":{"name":"Depositional Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dep2.241","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Depositional Record","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dep2.241","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Holocene evolutionary history of the Banni Plain in the Great Rann of the Kachchh Basin is reconstructed from a subsurface sediment core of ca 50 m. Detailed data on textural and lithofacies variations, grain-size analysis, environmental magnetism and accelerator mass spectrometry 14C dates on seven samples were generated on the sediment core retrieved from the Banni Plain near Berada. A high-resolution record extending back to 10 ka has been reconstructed from the top ca 40 m of the core section comprising shallow marine sediments. The core is divisible into five depositional units. The basal part is a fluvial depositional unit followed upward by estuarine, sub-tidal, intertidal and supra-tidal environments. The sediment accumulation rate is highest in the sub-tidal to intertidal facies (1.9 cm year−1) and decreases towards the supra-tidal facies to 0.09 cm year−1. Environmental magnetic analysis, χlf coupled with the S-ratio, indicates high magnetic mineral concentrations during the Early Holocene, suggesting a wet period accompanied by high monsoon precipitation. This is followed by the onset of semi-arid conditions in the Great Rann of the Kachchh Basin as indicated by the low values of the χlf and S-ratios. A westward and northward shift in the shoreline towards the deeper part of the basin is suggested during the Late Holocene, which is coupled with aridity and reduced monsoonal conditions. The change in depositional pattern from the retrogradational deposit of fluvial (Unit 1) to estuarine sediment (Unit 2), progressing to sub-tidal (Unit 3), is attributed to sea-level transgression followed by regressive intertidal (Unit 4) to supra-tidal deposition (Unit 5), culminating in complete withdrawal of the sea, aided by tectonic uplift, during the Late Holocene. The results reveal that the sediment accumulation rates and depositional environments changed over time in response to changes in sea level from minima to maxima and then eventually to the present level.
利用约50 m的地下沉积物岩心重建了Kachchh盆地大兰恩地区班尼平原的全新世演化历史。在贝拉达附近班尼平原的沉积物岩心上获得了7个样品的结构和岩相变化、粒度分析、环境磁性和加速器质谱14C测年的详细数据。在由浅海沉积物组成的岩心剖面顶部约40 m处重建了一个可追溯到10 ka的高分辨率记录。岩心可划分为五个沉积单元。基底部为河流沉积单元,向上依次为河口、潮下、潮间带和潮上环境。沉积速率在潮下-潮间相最大(1.9 cm /年),向潮上相减小(0.09 cm /年)。环境磁学分析χ f与s比的耦合表明,全新世早期具有较高的磁性矿物浓度,表明该区处于季风降水较多的湿润期。其次是Kachchh盆地大兰区半干旱条件的开始,这可以从χ f和s比的低值中看出。在晚全新世期间,岸线向盆地较深的部分西向北移动,并伴有干旱和季风条件的减少。沉积模式从河流沉积(第1单元)退积到河口沉积(第2单元),再到潮下沉积(第3单元)的变化,归因于海平面海侵、潮间带沉积(第4单元)退积到潮上沉积(第5单元),最终在构造隆升的帮助下完全退缩。结果表明,沉积物堆积速率和沉积环境随海平面从最小到最大再到现在的变化而随时间变化。