Post-vaccination and post-infectious immune response against new coronavirus infection on the background of obesity and overweight

Abstract

In the fall of 2019, global health was confronted with a new RNA virus — severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SARS-CoV-2. Against the background of the rapid spread of infection, research centers around the world began to develop specific vaccines against COVID-19, using the accumulated experience and empirical data on the stereotypes of the structure and physiology of other viral agents of this family (severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). However, even before the development of anti-COVID vaccines, it was suggested that they are probably less effective in a number of individuals, in particular, in people who are overweight or obese. This hypothesis arose on the basis of past studies using vaccines for other purposes in this categories of people, as well as in numerous experiments on mice, thanks to which scientists came to the conclusion that, due to an excess amount of adipose tissue in the body, there is a state of a permanent inflammatory process, some immune dysfunction, and, as a result, a reduced local and systemic response. resistance against bacterial and viral agents.In this literature review, using current publications obtained by searching for “covid-19 vaccination and obesity” and “vaccination and obesity” in the PubMed databases and “covid-19 vaccination and obesity” and “vaccination and obesity” in the e- Library discusses changes in the immune response both to infection itself and to immunization in the presence of overweight or obesity.