Pet ownership and cognitive decline in older people

N. Veronese, Lee Smith, V. Noventa, G. López-Sánchez, J. Demurtas, C. Sharpley, V. Bitsika, S. Jackson
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Abstract

Animals can have a positive influence on human health. However, it is not yet known whether pet ownership can prevent cognitive decline. Therefore, we aimed to investigate cross-sectional and prospective associations between pet ownership and cognitive function in a large, representative sample of older adults. Data were from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) using data collected in wave 5 and six years later in wave 8. Pet ownership was categorized as no pet, dog, cat or other pet. Cognitive function was assessed using tests of verbal fluency (assessed by asking how many different animals the participants could name in 60 seconds) and memory (sum of immediate and delayed verbal recall). Multiple linear regression, adjusted for potential confounders, was used to test the associations between pet ownership and cognitive function. A total of 8291 people (mean age: 66.72 years) were included. In cross-sectional analyses, dog owners had better verbal fluency than individuals with no pet, but there was no significant difference between cat or other pet owners and those with no pet. In prospective analyses, dog owners had a significantly larger decline in recall than those with no pet, whilst cat owners had a significantly smaller decline in verbal fluency. These results provide some evidence to suggest that pet ownership may have positive effects on cognition in later life. However, benefits of pet ownership were not unilaterally observed across different types of pet and measures of cognitive function suggesting that further research is required.
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养宠物与老年人认知能力下降
动物可以对人类健康产生积极影响。然而,目前还不知道养宠物是否能防止认知能力下降。因此,我们的目的是在一个具有代表性的老年人大样本中调查宠物饲养与认知功能之间的横断面和前瞻性关联。数据来自英国老龄化纵向研究(ELSA),使用第5波和6年后第8波收集的数据。宠物饲养被归类为没有宠物、狗、猫或其他宠物。认知功能通过语言流利性测试(通过询问参与者在60秒内能说出多少种不同的动物的名字来评估)和记忆力测试(即时和延迟言语回忆的总和)来评估。多元线性回归,对潜在的混杂因素进行了调整,用于测试宠物饲养与认知功能之间的相关性。共有8291人(平均年龄:66.72岁)被纳入研究。在横断面分析中,狗主人的语言流利性比没有宠物的人要好,但猫或其他宠物主人与没有宠物的主人之间没有显著差异。在前瞻性分析中,狗主人的召回率下降幅度明显大于没有宠物的主人,而猫主人的语言流利度下降幅度明显较小。这些结果提供了一些证据,表明饲养宠物可能对日后的认知产生积极影响。然而,在不同类型的宠物中并没有单方面观察到饲养宠物的好处,认知功能的测量表明还需要进一步的研究。
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发文量
15
审稿时长
10 weeks
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