Detectability of Elusive Reptiles under Artificial Cover Objects is Species- and Year-Specific

IF 0.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2021-02-02 DOI:10.3161/15052249PJE2020.68.4.007
Aleksandra Kolanek, Stanisław Bury
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

ABSTRACT Field surveys of rare and elusive reptiles often encounter the problem of low detectability. Therefore, several techniques have been invented to improve detection probability and artificial cover objects (ACOs) are among the most commonly used in reptile studies. However, the methodological effectiveness of ACOs has been rarely evaluated and focused mostly on spatial aspects. The temporal dimension of the ACOs effectiveness remains still understudied, despite well-known seasonal variation in reptile activity patterns. Here, we examined seasonal and between-year variation in the fraction of occupied ACOs, as a proxy for detectability, in two elusive reptile species, the slow worm Anguis fragilis and smooth snake Coronella austriaca. We found that the use of ACOs was species-specific and showed high temporal variation. In the case of smooth snakes, monthly usage varied between years; specifically within-year variation of the proportion in occupied ACOs was most pronounced in 2015, but seems vanishing in consecutive years. This loss of of seasonal pattern occurs only in the last year of survey in the case of slow worm and monthly use of ACOs seem not to vary between years. Considerably low detectability of the studied species by the ACO method in some years may not necessarily indicate their low population density, but rather results from shifts in their diurnal activity and/or microhabitat use dependent on ambient temperatures. Increasing between-year variation in weather conditions may reduce repeatability of seasonal patterns of ACO usage, making we suggest additional detection techniques that could bee incorporated.
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在人造覆盖物下爬行爬行动物的可检测性是物种和年份的特异性
摘要:对珍稀、难以捉摸的爬行动物进行实地调查,往往会遇到可探测性低的问题。因此,人们发明了几种技术来提高检测概率,人工覆盖目标(ACOs)是爬行动物研究中最常用的技术之一。然而,aco的方法有效性很少得到评价,主要集中在空间方面。尽管众所周知爬行动物活动模式存在季节性变化,但ACOs有效性的时间维度仍未得到充分研究。在这里,我们研究了两种难以捉摸的爬行动物物种(缓慢的蠕虫angis fragilis和光滑的蛇Coronella austria)中被占领的ACOs比例的季节和年之间的变化,作为可检测性的代理。我们发现ACOs的使用具有物种特异性,并表现出高度的时间变化。在光滑蛇的情况下,每月的使用量在不同年份之间有所不同;具体而言,2015年占已占用ACOs比例的年内变化最为明显,但连续几年似乎消失。在慢虫的情况下,这种季节性模式的丧失只发生在调查的最后一年,而每年每月使用的ACOs似乎没有变化。在某些年份,采用蚁群法对研究物种的可探测性相当低,这可能并不一定表明它们的种群密度低,而是由于它们的日活动和/或微生境利用随环境温度的变化而变化。天气条件的年际变化增加可能会降低ACO使用季节模式的可重复性,因此我们建议采用额外的检测技术。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Polish Journal of Ecology
Polish Journal of Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
9
审稿时长
18-36 weeks
期刊介绍: POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY (formerly Ekologia polska) publishes original scientific research papers dealing with all aspects of ecology: both fundamental and applied, physiological ecology, evolutionary ecology, ecology of population, community, ecosystem, landscape as well as global ecology. There is no bias regarding taxons, ecosystems or geographical regions.
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