Application of metabolic engineering to enhance the content of alkaloids in medicinal plants

IF 3.7 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Metabolic Engineering Communications Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.mec.2022.e00194
Soledad Mora-Vásquez , Guillermo Gael Wells-Abascal , Claudia Espinosa-Leal , Guy A. Cardineau , Silverio García-Lara
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引用次数: 16

Abstract

Plants are a rich source of bioactive compounds, many of which have been exploited for cosmetic, nutritional, and medicinal purposes. Through the characterization of metabolic pathways, as well as the mechanisms responsible for the accumulation of secondary metabolites, researchers have been able to increase the production of bioactive compounds in different plant species for research and commercial applications. The intent of the current review is to describe the metabolic engineering methods that have been used to transform in vitro or field-grown medicinal plants over the last decade and to identify the most effective approaches to increase the production of alkaloids. The articles summarized were categorized into six groups: endogenous enzyme overexpression, foreign enzyme overexpression, transcription factor overexpression, gene silencing, genome editing, and co-overexpression. We conclude that, because of the complex and multi-step nature of biosynthetic pathways, the approach that has been most commonly used to increase the biosynthesis of alkaloids, and the most effective in terms of fold increase, is the co-overexpression of two or more rate-limiting enzymes followed by the manipulation of regulatory genes.

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应用代谢工程技术提高药用植物中生物碱含量
植物是生物活性化合物的丰富来源,其中许多已被用于化妆品,营养和药用目的。通过对代谢途径的表征,以及次生代谢物积累的机制,研究人员已经能够在不同的植物物种中增加生物活性化合物的生产,用于研究和商业应用。本综述的目的是描述在过去十年中用于转化体外或田间种植药用植物的代谢工程方法,并确定增加生物碱产量的最有效方法。综述的文章可分为6类:内源性酶过表达、外源性酶过表达、转录因子过表达、基因沉默、基因组编辑和共过表达。我们得出的结论是,由于生物合成途径的复杂性和多步骤性,最常用的增加生物碱生物合成的方法,以及最有效的倍增方法,是两种或两种以上限速酶的共同过表达,然后操纵调节基因。
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来源期刊
Metabolic Engineering Communications
Metabolic Engineering Communications Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
1.90%
发文量
22
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: Metabolic Engineering Communications, a companion title to Metabolic Engineering (MBE), is devoted to publishing original research in the areas of metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, computational biology and systems biology for problems related to metabolism and the engineering of metabolism for the production of fuels, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. The journal will carry articles on the design, construction, and analysis of biological systems ranging from pathway components to biological complexes and genomes (including genomic, analytical and bioinformatics methods) in suitable host cells to allow them to produce novel compounds of industrial and medical interest. Demonstrations of regulatory designs and synthetic circuits that alter the performance of biochemical pathways and cellular processes will also be presented. Metabolic Engineering Communications complements MBE by publishing articles that are either shorter than those published in the full journal, or which describe key elements of larger metabolic engineering efforts.
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