La formación de lex tertia: una defensa diferenciada

Abstract

espanolEl articulo examina el problema de derecho intertemporal penal consistente en la formacion de la lex tertia, esto es, la combinacion de las normas mas favorables al imputado existentes al momento de la comision del hecho y las normas mas favorables existentes al momento de la sentencia, formando para el caso un sistema compuesto por normas que nunca han tenido vigencia conjuntamente en el sistema juridico. Se revisa la posicion contraria a su formacion y la posicion favorable a su formacion, incluyendo la jurisprudencia reciente de la Corte Suprema de Chile, y se propone una via intermedia consistente en la aceptacion de la formacion de lex tertia siempre que ello no fraccione lo que se denomina como “unidad de valoracion legislativa”. Este tambien es un concepto intermedio entre la unidad institucional del sistema de normas y la unidad analitica de cada norma individual. EnglishThe paper examines the problem of the criminal law of intertemporal conflicts known as the construction of the lex tertia, that is, the combination of the milder norms existing at the time of the commission of the fact and the milder norms existing at the time of the adjudicative decision, forming for the case a system composed of norms that have never been valid jointly in the legal system. The position against to its construction and the position in favour to it are reviewed, including the recent jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of Chile, and an intermediate way is proposed, that is, the acceptance of the construction of lex tertia as long as it does not split what it is called as “legal assessment unit”. This is also an intermediate concept between the institutional unit of the system of norms and the analytical unit of each individual norm.