Genesis and Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Glacial Lakes in the Peri-Glacial Environment of Western Himalayas

IF 3.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences Pub Date : 2022-05-14 DOI:10.26833/ijeg.1097912
Fareeha Si̇ddi̇que, A. Rahman
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Abstract

Glaciers are retreating in the highest mountainous regions of the world as a result of climate change and global warming. This leads to the formation of different types of glacial lakes. These lakes are not only the source of fresh water but it also causes disaster in the form of Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF). Astore Drainage Basin is located in north eastern mountainous region of Himalayas. This area is prone to GLOFs because of the increasing number of glacial lakes and the growth of existing lakes as a result of global warming. To provide a detailed information about the spatial and temporal information of glacial lakes detailed inventories has been developed for the study area using Landsat images for the year 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019. Glacial lakes were mapped and identified by using Normalized Different Water Index, Normalized Difference Snow Index and high resolution Google Earth images. It was found from the analysis that the number of the glacial lakes increased from 120 to 128 in a period of thirty years (i.e. from 1989 to 2019). During the study period two lakes disappeared whereas ten new lakes were formed. There were 21 lakes which show area expansion more than 100% representing high susceptibility for GLOF. The results also showed that smaller lakes expanded more rapidly in area than the larger lakes.
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西喜马拉雅地区冰期环境冰湖成因及时空分析
由于气候变化和全球变暖,世界上最高的山区的冰川正在消退。这导致了不同类型的冰川湖的形成。这些湖泊不仅是淡水的来源,而且还以冰川湖爆发洪水(GLOF)的形式引发灾难。阿斯托雷流域位于喜马拉雅山脉东北山区。由于全球变暖导致冰川湖的数量不断增加和现有湖泊的增长,该地区容易出现GLOF。为了提供冰川湖空间和时间信息的详细信息,已使用1989年、1999年、2009年和2019年的陆地卫星图像为研究区域编制了详细清单。利用归一化差异水指数、归一化差异雪指数和高分辨率谷歌地球图像绘制和识别冰川湖。分析发现,在三十年的时间里(即1989年至2019年),冰川湖的数量从120个增加到128个。在研究期间,两个湖泊消失,而十个新的湖泊形成。有21个湖泊显示面积扩展超过100%,这代表着GLOF的高易感性。结果还表明,较小的湖泊在面积上比较大的湖泊扩张得更快。
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CiteScore
4.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
12
审稿时长
30 weeks
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