Archaeological chert artifacts from Atapuerca sites (Burgos, Spain): Characterization, causes of decay and selection of compatible consolidating products

IF 0.4 N/A HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Conservar Patrimonio Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI:10.14568/cp2019037

A. Zornoza-Indart, P. López-Arce, Lucía López-Polín

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Abstract

Chert tools from Galería and Gran Dolina Caves, located in the Sierra de Atapuerca site complex (Burgos, Spain), were characterized (macro-visual inspection, mineralogical phases, degree of crystallinity, soluble salts, surface morphology and optical surface roughness) and compared to chert samples collected from the surrounding Atapuerca mountain range. The chert tools were studied to determine their causes of decay and for selecting the most compatible consolidation treatments. It was found that samples solely containing quartz were not significantly altered and required little conservation treatment compared to those that contained quartz and moganite, which were more weathered and powdery, requiring consolidation. The efficacy of the consolidating products traditionally used by conservators (acrylic resin and ethyl silicate) to preserve these chert remains, together with novel nanoparticlebased products (SiO2 and a mixture of SiO2 and Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles) were assessed in this study. Changes produced by these consolidating products in the Ainara Zornoza-Indart, Paula Lopez-Arce, Lucía López-Polín Conservar Património ́ ́ ( ́ ́ ́ ́), https://doi.org/10.14568/cp2019037 2 physical (surface morphology and cohesion) and aesthetic properties of the chert tools were evaluated using non-destructive techniques (peeling test, spectrophotometry and optical surface roughness), followed by destructive techniques, such as SEM and XRD.

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从阿塔普雷卡遗址(布尔戈斯，西班牙)的考古燧石文物:特征，腐烂的原因和选择兼容的巩固产品

研究人员对位于Sierra de Atapuerca遗址群(Burgos, Spain)的Galería和Gran Dolina洞穴中的燧石工具进行了表征(宏观视觉检查、矿物学相、结晶度、可溶性盐、表面形貌和光学表面粗糙度)，并将其与从周围的Atapuerca山脉收集的燧石样品进行了比较。研究了燧石工具，以确定其衰变的原因，并选择最相容的固结处理。结果发现，单纯含石英的样品没有明显的变化，与含石英和莫干石的样品相比，需要较少的保护处理，石英和莫干石的样品更风化和粉状，需要固结。在这项研究中，研究人员评估了保存人员传统上使用的固结产品(丙烯酸树脂和硅酸乙酯)和新型纳米颗粒产品(二氧化硅和二氧化硅与钙(OH)2纳米颗粒的混合物)保存这些燧石遗迹的效果。这些固结产物在Ainara Zornoza-Indart、Paula Lopez-Arce、Lucía López-Polín Conservar Património * *(* * *)、https://doi.org/10.14568/cp2019037 2中产生的变化使用非破坏性技术(剥离测试、分光光度法和光学表面粗糙度)评估了燧石工具的物理(表面形貌和内聚力)和美学特性，然后使用破坏性技术，如SEM和XRD。

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来源期刊

Conservar Patrimonio HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

0.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Conservar Património is a journal, published three times a year, that intends to create a space for the diffusion of conservator-restorers’ studies and activities. However, at a time when Conservation-Restoration pretends to develop further through collaboration with other areas of knowledge, such as History of Art, Archaeology, Museum Studies, Chemistry, Physics, Biology and other related disciplines from the fields of the natural and social sciences, the journal also receives contributions from any other provenance as long as directed towards the multiple dimensions of the works that integrate our Cultural Heritage. Theoretical issues on the conservation activity may also be submitted.