Disenchanting Heaven: Interfaith Debate, Sacral Kingship, and Conversion to Islam in the Mongol Empire, 1260–1335*

IF 1.8 1区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Past & Present Pub Date : 2021-02-08 DOI:10.1093/PASTJ/GTAA002
J. Brack
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Historians examine the Mongol practice of holding interfaith court debates either with regard to the efforts of religious representatives to convert the khans, or as emblematic of the Mongols’ religious pluralism. However, staging interfaith debates had other religious and political purposes as well. The debate was an arena for the religiously and ideologically charged performance of the Mongol khan’s own divine-like wisdom and model of sacral, deified kingship. From the Mongol perspective, the objectives of the debate were not only different from those of its religious participants, but the debate further represented an altogether different mode of religiosity. Situating the debate in the context of the Mongol religious world view, this article proceeds to examine it in the Mongol court in medieval Iran (the Ilkhanate) shortly after its conversion to Islam. Muslim interlocutors there identified and exploited the Mongols’ religious logic to reinforce the Mongol rulers’ conversion. They transformed the debate into a forum for experimenting with a new synthesis of Mongol and Muslim, divinized and righteous, kingship. The continuous role of the debate in the performance of sacral monarchy among the Mongols’ successors, especially the Mughals in early modern India, testifies to the enduring impact of Mongol religiosity on the Islamic world.
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《迷魂天堂:蒙古帝国的宗教间争论、圣职和皈依伊斯兰教》,1260–1335*
历史学家研究了蒙古人举行宗教间法庭辩论的做法,这些辩论要么是关于宗教代表改变可汗信仰的努力,要么是蒙古人宗教多元化的象征。然而,举行宗教间辩论还有其他宗教和政治目的。这场辩论是一个充满宗教和意识形态色彩的舞台,展示了蒙古可汗自己神圣般的智慧和神圣、神化的王权模式。从蒙古人的角度来看,这场辩论的目标不仅与宗教参与者的目标不同,而且这场辩论进一步代表了一种完全不同的宗教信仰模式。本文将这场争论置于蒙古宗教世界观的背景下,在中世纪伊朗(伊尔汗国)皈依伊斯兰教后不久的蒙古宫廷中进行考察。那里的穆斯林对话者认同并利用蒙古人的宗教逻辑来加强蒙古统治者的皈依。他们把这场辩论变成了一个论坛,试验蒙古和穆斯林、神圣和正义的王权的新组合。蒙古人的继任者,尤其是现代印度早期的莫卧儿人,在神圣君主制的表现中,争论的持续作用证明了蒙古宗教信仰对伊斯兰世界的持久影响。
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来源期刊
Past & Present
Past & Present Multiple-
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
5.60%
发文量
49
期刊介绍: Founded in 1952, Past & Present is widely acknowledged to be the liveliest and most stimulating historical journal in the English-speaking world. The journal offers: •A wide variety of scholarly and original articles on historical, social and cultural change in all parts of the world. •Four issues a year, each containing five or six major articles plus occasional debates and review essays. •Challenging work by young historians as well as seminal articles by internationally regarded scholars. •A range of articles that appeal to specialists and non-specialists, and communicate the results of the most recent historical research in a readable and lively form. •A forum for debate, encouraging productive controversy.
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