Soil modification in the manufacturing process of Mesoamerican earthen architecture

IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOLOGY Boletin De La Sociedad Geologica Mexicana Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI:10.18268/bsgm2022v74n3a080422
A. Daneels, M. Mateu, Hugo Fernández, Salvador Piña, H. Cabadas-Báez
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Abstract

This paper presents a micromorphological analysis of a sample series from three Mesoamerican earthen architecture sites. It compares a soil, a sample from a construction fill and a sample of a soil mixture used for mud-brick and facing, resulting from different manufacturing steps. The purpose is to identify the soil features that remain and those that are transformed in the process. This is of interest both to geologists, who encounter anthropically modified soils, and archaeologists interested in understanding the provenance of the raw materials and the manufacturing processes. In contrast to previous research based predominantly on earthen architecture from Europe and the Near East, this study is the first comparative analysis of Mesoamerican sites, where earthen construction developed independently from the Old World, using volcanic soils developed in a range of tropical environments. The results show that similar building techniques existed in different environments, that the non-expansive clays and fine fraction derived from volcanic deposits may have presented advantages for construction, while some features reflect the addition of mineral or vegetal temper to improve the mechanical properties of some soils.
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中美洲土制建筑制造过程中的土壤改良
本文对三个中美洲土制建筑遗址的样品系列进行了微观形态学分析。它比较了一种土壤,一种来自建筑填充物的样本和一种用于泥砖和饰面的土壤混合物样本,这些样本来自不同的制造步骤。目的是确定在这个过程中保留的土壤特征和那些被改变的土壤特征。这对遇到人为修改土壤的地质学家和对了解原材料和制造过程的来源感兴趣的考古学家都很感兴趣。与之前主要基于欧洲和近东的土建筑的研究相反,这项研究是对中美洲遗址的第一次比较分析,在中美洲遗址中,土建筑独立于旧世界发展,使用了在一系列热带环境中发展的火山土壤。结果表明,不同环境下存在相似的施工技术,非膨胀粘土和火山沉积物的细粒可能在施工中具有优势,而某些特征反映了添加矿物或植物脾气以改善某些土壤的力学性能。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
12.50%
发文量
34
审稿时长
50 weeks
期刊介绍: The Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana is a completely free-access electronic journal published semi-annually that publishes papers and technical notes with its main objective to contribute to an understanding of the geology of Mexico, of its neighbor areas, and of geologically similar areas anywhere on Earth’s crust. Geology has no boundaries so we may publish papers on any area of knowledge that is interesting to our readers. We also favor the publication of papers on relatively unfamiliar subjects and objectives in mainstream journals, e.g., papers devoted to new methodologies or their improvement, and areas of knowledge that in the past had relatively little attention paid them in Mexican journals, such as urban geology, water management, environmental geology, and ore deposits, among others. Mexico is a land of volcanos, earthquakes, vast resources in minerals and petroleum, and a shortage of water. Consequently, these topics should certainly be of major interest to our readers, our Society, and society in general. Furthermore, the Boletín has been published since 1904; that makes it one of the oldest scientific journals currently active in Mexico and, most notably, its entire contents, from the first issue on, are available online.
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