Linking bird resistant and susceptible sunflower traits with pollinator’s fauna and seed production

IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Sociobiology Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI:10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7757
S. Iqbal, Mudssar Ali, F. Khan, N. Iqbal, F. Nawaz
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Abstract

Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is a highly cross-pollinated crop dependent on insect pollinators to provide a good quality edible oil worldwide. Different sunflower hybrids vary in terms of dependence on insect pollinators. Previously few studies have been conducted regarding the role of insect pollinators in hybrid sunflower seed production in Pakistan. Therefore, the current study was planned to explore the abundance and diversity along with foraging behavior (visitation rate and stay time) of native insect pollinators as well as to study the effect of different pollination treatments (free insect visits vs. no insect visits) on the reproductive success of different hybrids of sunflower. Two sunflower hybrids were grown at the research farm of MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, under the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). In our study, the pollinator community consisted of honeybees (Apis dorsata, A. mellifera, and A. florea), solitary bees (Pseudapis sp., Megachilidae sp. and Xylocopa sp.), and syrphid flies (Eristalinus aeneus and E. megacephalus). Furthermore, the relative abundance of pollinators was high in the H4 (having a flat head with 45º head angle from the stem) hybrid, while the least abundance was observed in H3 (180º head angle from stem). H4 proved to be a better hybrid among the hybrids regarding the number of seeds and seed weight. Both bees, i.e., solitary bees and honey bees, are crucial for pollinating sunflower. Comparative results of free insect visits and no insect visit treatments showed that the maximum number of seed weight, number of seeds, and seed diameter was observed in free insect visits compared to no insect visit treatment. Therefore, conserving the diversity of the native insect pollinators will lead to a higher yield of sunflower hybrids and other cross-pollinated crops.
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将向日葵抗鸟和易感性状与传粉者的动物群和种子生产联系起来
向日葵(Helianthus annus L.)是一种高度异花授粉的作物,依赖昆虫传粉者在全球范围内提供优质食用油。不同的向日葵杂交种对昆虫传粉昆虫的依赖程度不同。以前很少有关于昆虫传粉昆虫在巴基斯坦杂交向日葵种子生产中的作用的研究。因此,本研究计划探索本地昆虫传粉昆虫的丰度和多样性以及觅食行为(造访率和停留时间),并研究不同授粉处理(自由昆虫造访与无昆虫造访)对向日葵不同杂交种繁殖成功的影响。在木尔坦MNS农业大学的研究农场,采用随机完全块设计(RCBD)培育了两个向日葵杂交种。在我们的研究中,传粉昆虫群落由蜜蜂(Apis dorsata、A.mellifera和A.flora)、独居蜜蜂(Pseudapis sp.、Megachilidae sp.和Xylocopa sp.)和同食蝇(Eristalinus aeneus和E.megacephalus)组成。此外,H4(具有与茎成45º顶角的平头)杂交种的传粉昆虫相对丰度较高,而H3(与茎成180º顶角)的传粉昆虫丰度最低。从种子数量和种子重量来看,H4是一个较好的杂交种。这两种蜜蜂,即独居蜜蜂和蜜蜂,对向日葵授粉至关重要。自由昆虫探访和无昆虫探访处理的比较结果表明,与无昆虫探访相比,自由昆虫探访中观察到的种子重量、种子数量和种子直径的最大数量。因此,保护本地昆虫传粉昆虫的多样性将提高向日葵杂交种和其他异花授粉作物的产量。
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来源期刊
Sociobiology
Sociobiology 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
11.10%
发文量
28
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: SOCIOBIOLOGY publishes high quality articles that significantly contribute to the knowledge of Entomology, with emphasis on social insects. Articles previously submitted to other journals are not accepted. SOCIOBIOLOGY publishes original research papers and invited review articles on all aspects related to the biology, evolution and systematics of social and pre-social insects (Ants, Termites, Bees and Wasps). The journal is currently expanding its scope to incorporate the publication of articles dealing with other arthropods that exhibit sociality. Articles may cover a range of subjects such as ecology, ethology, morphology, population genetics, physiology, toxicology, reproduction, sociobiology, caste differentiation as well as economic impact and pest management.
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