II. The Grey Zone Is Defined by the Defender

Q4 Social Sciences Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI:10.1080/02681307.2021.2005892
Sidharth Kaushal
{"title":"II. The Grey Zone Is Defined by the Defender","authors":"Sidharth Kaushal","doi":"10.1080/02681307.2021.2005892","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Over the course of recent years, it has become common to hear the term ‘grey-zone strategy’ invoked to conceptualise the ways in which a range of state competitors are pursuing revisionist goals. Per this understanding, Western adversaries such as Russia, China and Iran have become adept at using a range of tools short of open warfare to challenge the status quo, leaving Western policymakers scrambling to come up with appropriate and proportionate responses. Similarly, the US and its allies have their own grey-zone tools, including support for colour revolutions, financial sanctions and cyber attacks. Thus, for example, the US Joint Chiefs of Staff envision an operating environment defined by sub-threshold activity and attendant ambiguity. Nor is this an exclusively American view: the UK’s Integrated Operating Concept notes that ‘our adversaries use an array of capabilities including their militaries below the threshold of war and in ways that challenge our political and legal norms’. Similarly, France’s 2017 national security strategy notes the challenge posed by legally ambiguous forms of aggression in the information space: ‘Ambiguous postures and covert aggression are also becoming more common, with certain states making an increasing use of a wide variety of proxies.’","PeriodicalId":37791,"journal":{"name":"Whitehall Papers","volume":"99 1","pages":"24 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Whitehall Papers","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681307.2021.2005892","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Social Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Over the course of recent years, it has become common to hear the term ‘grey-zone strategy’ invoked to conceptualise the ways in which a range of state competitors are pursuing revisionist goals. Per this understanding, Western adversaries such as Russia, China and Iran have become adept at using a range of tools short of open warfare to challenge the status quo, leaving Western policymakers scrambling to come up with appropriate and proportionate responses. Similarly, the US and its allies have their own grey-zone tools, including support for colour revolutions, financial sanctions and cyber attacks. Thus, for example, the US Joint Chiefs of Staff envision an operating environment defined by sub-threshold activity and attendant ambiguity. Nor is this an exclusively American view: the UK’s Integrated Operating Concept notes that ‘our adversaries use an array of capabilities including their militaries below the threshold of war and in ways that challenge our political and legal norms’. Similarly, France’s 2017 national security strategy notes the challenge posed by legally ambiguous forms of aggression in the information space: ‘Ambiguous postures and covert aggression are also becoming more common, with certain states making an increasing use of a wide variety of proxies.’
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
2灰色地带由防御方定义
近年来,人们经常听到“灰色地带战略”一词被用来概念化一系列国家竞争对手追求修正主义目标的方式。根据这一理解,俄罗斯、中国和伊朗等西方对手已经熟练地使用公开战争之外的一系列工具来挑战现状,这让西方决策者争先恐后地提出适当和相称的回应。同样,美国及其盟友也有自己的灰色地带工具,包括支持颜色革命、金融制裁和网络攻击。因此,例如,美国参谋长联席会议设想了一个由低于阈值的活动和随之而来的模糊性定义的作战环境。这也不是美国独有的观点:英国的《综合作战概念》指出,“我们的对手使用一系列能力,包括低于战争门槛的军队,并以挑战我们政治和法律规范的方式”。同样,法国2017年的国家安全战略指出了信息领域法律上模棱两可的侵略形式所带来的挑战:“模棱两可的姿态和隐蔽的侵略也越来越普遍,某些国家越来越多地使用各种各样的代理人。”
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Whitehall Papers
Whitehall Papers Social Sciences-Archeology
自引率
0.00%
发文量
12
期刊介绍: The Whitehall Paper series provides in-depth studies of specific developments, issues or themes in the field of national and international defence and security. Published three times a year, Whitehall Papers reflect the highest standards of original research and analysis, and are invaluable background material for policy-makers and specialists alike.
期刊最新文献
Revision Surgery With Refixation After Mandibular Fractures. High-Order Language Processing Difficulties in Patients With Schizophrenia: Cross-linguistic and Cross-cultural Results From the Hindi Version of a Newly Developed Language Test. Chapter III: Russian and NATO Surface Capabilities in the High North Chapter I: The Strategic Context Appendix 2: Submarine ASW Interactions
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1