Mapping magnetism: Geophysical modelling of stratigraphic features by using in situ magnetic susceptibility measurements at Pinnacle Point 5‐6 North, South Africa

IF 1.4 3区地球科学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Geoarchaeology-An International Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-23 DOI:10.1002/gea.21924

Ada Dinckal, E. Fisher, A. Herries, C. Marean

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Abstract

This study utilizes geostatistical modelling of magnetic susceptibility (MS) for geophysical prospection of archaeological stratigraphy at the Middle Stone Age rock shelter site of Pinnacle Point 5‐6 North. These models are overlaid onto high‐resolution photography of the stratigraphic sequence to study the lateral and vertical changes within the magnetic signature of the archaeological sequence and correlate these changes to micromorphological interpretations previously made at the site. In situ analysis is reinforced by laboratory magnetic mineralogical analysis utilizing MS; frequency‐dependent susceptibility (χFD); isothermal remanent magnetization; and anhysteric remanent magnetization to understand the composition of the magnetic minerals creating the in situ signature. This study shows that there is consistent variation in the magnetic signatures of the sequence that can be mapped with in situ MS; there is a correlation with laboratory analysis of magnetic mineralogy, which provides insight into changes in human behaviour; and our models correlate well with micromorphological interpretations of the site.

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测绘磁学:通过使用南非北部Pinnacle Point 5 - 6的原位磁化率测量对地层特征进行地球物理模拟

本研究利用磁化率的地质统计模型(MS)对Pinnacle Point 5 - 6 North中石器时代岩石掩蔽遗址的考古地层学进行了地球物理勘探。这些模型叠加在地层层序的高分辨率照片上，研究考古层序磁特征的横向和纵向变化，并将这些变化与之前在现场进行的微形态解释联系起来。利用质谱进行实验室磁性矿物学分析，加强了原位分析;频率相关的敏感性(χFD);等温剩余磁化;和非磁滞残余磁化，以了解磁性矿物的组成，创造原地特征。本研究表明，该序列的磁特征存在一致的变化，可以用原位质谱进行映射;这与磁性矿物学的实验室分析有关，它提供了对人类行为变化的见解;我们的模型与该地点的微观形态学解释相吻合。

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来源期刊

Geoarchaeology-An International Journal 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Geoarchaeology is an interdisciplinary journal published six times per year (in January, March, May, July, September and November). It presents the results of original research at the methodological and theoretical interface between archaeology and the geosciences and includes within its scope: interdisciplinary work focusing on understanding archaeological sites, their environmental context, and particularly site formation processes and how the analysis of sedimentary records can enhance our understanding of human activity in Quaternary environments. Manuscripts should examine the interrelationship between archaeology and the various disciplines within Quaternary science and the Earth Sciences more generally, including, for example: geology, geography, geomorphology, pedology, climatology, oceanography, geochemistry, geochronology, and geophysics. We also welcome papers that deal with the biological record of past human activity through the analysis of faunal and botanical remains and palaeoecological reconstructions that shed light on past human-environment interactions. The journal also welcomes manuscripts concerning the examination and geological context of human fossil remains as well as papers that employ analytical techniques to advance understanding of the composition and origin or material culture such as, for example, ceramics, metals, lithics, building stones, plasters, and cements. Such composition and provenance studies should be strongly grounded in their geological context through, for example, the systematic analysis of potential source materials.